Table 3.
Cox proportional hazard regression model for the risk factors of ACVD.
| Variables | Univariable Cox Regression | Multivariable Cox Regression * | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | Adjusted HR | 95% CI | |
| Sex | ||||
| Female (ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Male | 1.09 | 1.05–1.13 | 0.99 | 0.95–1.04 |
| Age group | ||||
| 20–29 (ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 30–39 | 3.46 | 2.94–4.07 | 2.27 | 1.93–2.68 |
| 40–49 | 9.60 | 8.24–11.18 | 3.99 | 3.41–4.66 |
| 50–59 | 19.29 | 16.59–22.43 | 5.75 | 4.92–6.72 |
| ≥60 | 25.67 | 22.09–29.83 | 6.29 | 5.38–7.36 |
| Type of national health insurance | ||||
| Self-employed insured (ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Householder of self-employed insured | 1.54 | 1.46–1.62 | 0.92 | 0.91–1.03 |
| Employed insured | 1.58 | 1.50–1.67 | 0.98 | 0.93–1.04 |
| Dependents of insured employee | 1.02 | 0.96–1.09 | 0.95 | 0.88–1.01 |
| Household income (%) | ||||
| First quintile (lowest) (ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Second quintile | 0.77 | 0.73–0.81 | 0.90 | 0.86–0.95 |
| Third quintile | 0.74 | 0.70–0.78 | 0.90 | 0.85–0.95 |
| Fourth quintile | 0.69 | 0.65–0.73 | 0.87 | 0.82–0.92 |
| Fifth quintile (highest) | 0.81 | 0.77–0.86 | 0.93 | 0.87–0.98 |
| Hypertension | ||||
| No (ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 8.16 | 7.74–8.61 | 3.64 | 3.44–3.86 |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||
| No (ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 5.02 | 4.81–5.25 | 2.18 | 2.08–2.28 |
| Periodontitis | ||||
| No (ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.08 | 1.04–1.12 | 1.09 | 1.05–1.13 |
ACVD: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. HR: hazard ratio. CI: confidence interval. * Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model was adjusted for sex, age group, type of national health insurance, household income, hypertension status, diabetes mellitus status, and periodontitis status.