Table 5.

Binary logistic regression analysis between six factors of the Health Belief Model and the adoption of basic, advanced, and excessive preventive behavior.

Variables	Basic Preventive Behaviors	Advanced Preventive Behaviors	Excessive Preventive Behaviors
	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Perceived sensitivity (refer to 0)
1	1.252 * (1.074–1.460)	0.991 (0.845–1.163)	1.493 * (1.025–2.178)
2	1.160 (0.970–1.387)	0.923 (0.767–1.110)	2.307 ** (1.551–3.432)
3	1.636 * (1.060–2.525)	1.325 (0.841–2.089)	4.390 ** (2.293–8.430)
Perceived severity (refer to not at all)
Low	0.952 (0.655–1.358)	1.155 (0.921–1.448)	1.212 (0.760–1.934)
Middle	0.993 (0.798–1.236)	1.027 (0.847–1.143)	1.196 (0.713–1.681)
High	1.296 * (1.066–1.576)	1.085 (0.888–1.326)	0.961 (0.626–1.473)
Perceived benefits (refer to strongly disagree)
Disagree	2.259 (0.819–6.229)	0.555 (0.227–1.360)	0.131 (0.012–1.424)
Agree	2.912 * (1.144–7.412)	1.635 (0.754–3.542)	0.173 (0.011–2.638)
strongly agree	6.007 ** (2.401–15.029)	2.883 * (1.357–6.127)	0.218 (0.015–3.257)
Perceived barriers (refer to not at all)
Low	0.636 ** (0.540–0.749)	0.910 (0.769–1.077)	0.776 (0.538–1.120)
Middle	0.649 ** (0.542–0.777)	0.966 (0.801–1.164)	0.878 (0.597–1.292)
High	0.829 * (0.713–0.966)	0.854 * (0.731–0.997)	1.096 (0.807–1.487)
Cues to action (refer to not at all)
A few	0.485 (0.296–1.239)	1.332 (0.431–4.114)	0.074 * (0.008–0.713)
Average	0.632 (0.457–1.352)	1.264 (0.460–3.475)	0.130 * (0.034–0.497)
A lot	0.769 (0.304–1.950)	2.984 * (1.111–8.014)	0.313 * (0.099–0.992)
Knowledge levels (refer to answering one question correctly)
Answering two questions correctly	1.165 * (1.004–1.352)	1.997 (0.469–5.369)	1.254 (0.413–3.807)
Answering three questions correctly	1.442 (0.692–3.005)	0.821 (0.389–1.733)	1.391 (0.823–2.681)
Answering four questions correctly	3.149 * (1.165–8.510)	1.011 (0.869–1.177)	1.659 ** (1.266–2.174)

Note: OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.