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Risk factors according to gender.
| All | Males | Female | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smoking history (%) | 160 (48.3) | 148 (79) | 12 (8) | <0.0001 |
| Mean pack years (SD) | 15.99 | 16.59 (12.89) | 5.14 (3.23) | 0.021 |
| Alcohol history (%) | 156 (47.3) | 142 (76) | 14 (10) | <0.0001 |
| Traditional beer (%) | 129 (39.6) | 118 (63) | 11 (8) | <0.0001 |
