Table 1. Characteristics of ACLF patients with SCA.

Abbreviations: ACLF, acute-on-chronic liver disease; ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; Hep enceph, hepatic encephalopathy; INR, international normalized ratio; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; SCA, spur cell anemia

Parameters	Case 1	Case 2	Case 3	Case 4	Case 5
Age (years)	49	31	35	47	31
Gender	Male	Male	Male	Male	Male
Etiology of ACLF (acute/chronic)	Alcohol/alcohol	Alcohol/alcohol	Hepatitis E/alcohol	Hepatitis E/alcohol	alcohol/alcohol
Child-Pugh Score	13	14	13	12	12
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	6.6	6.4	6.7	6.6	7.3
MCV (fL/cell)	105	105	96	100	99
MCH (pg/cell)	34	36	35	37	36
MCHC (g/dL)	34	35	36	37	36
Reticulocyte count (%)	1.9	2.27	6.3	3.1	2.3
Total leukocyte count/cmm	14000	8800	9100	6200	30300
Platelets count/cmm	129000	50000	40000	70000	208000
Serum LDH (U/L)	330	765	880	610	702
Serum ferritin (ng/mL)	601	363	2130	224	446
Serum vitamin B12 (ng/mL)	1500	1277	714	960	1063
Serum total bilirubin (mg/dL)	29.5	19.7	35.3	34.8	31.5
Indirect bilirubin (mg/dL)	14.9	11.6	19.3	18.5	17
Serum AST (IU/L)	62	60	99	161	133
Serum ALT (IU/L)	36	41	93	92	25
Serum albumin (mg/dL)	3.3	3.6	2.2	2.8	2.7
INR	2.5	2.9	3.5	3.0	3.9
Serum Creatinine (mg/dL)	1.18	1.1	0.7	0.6	0.7
Serum total cholesterol (mg/dL)	37	34	38	63	42
Serum LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	10	8.6	5.7	19	13
Serum HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	05	10.7	7.1	12	11
Serum Triglyceride (mg/dL)	51	30	34	32	35
MELD score	31	30	34	32	35
In-hospital complications	Hep enceph, AKI	Hep enceph, AKI, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage	Hep enceph, AKI, variceal bleeding	Hep enceph, variceal bleeding	Hep enceph, variceal bleeding AKI
Hospital outcome	Discharged	Died	Died	Discharged (against medical advice)	Died