Table 2.

Characteristics of 3D printers.

3D Printer	Category	Additive Manufacturing Process	Techniques	Layer Thickness	Print Time
Formlabs Form2	Vat photopolymerization	SLA technology that operates by heating a hard-photosensitive liquid resin into a hard-solid 3D form made of plastic through the application of a powerful laser beam with vat polymerization-based technology. Accordingly, after projecting a laser beam moved by micromirrors, the resin layer is cured to produce the product. SLA could produce complex shapes with high functional resolution and produce smooth and precise lines to produce good models.	Stereolithography apparatus (SLA)	100 μm	2 h 54 min
Veltz3D D2	Vat photopolymerization	DLP technology is similar to that of SLA, but it uses a high intensity light beam instead and the desired shape is formed as the liquid photopolymer resin hardens. However, rough lines may be produced, and pixels may be displayed depending on the resolution of the digital light projector. This means that the resolution of the projector is reflected in the quality of the final product. DLP has good accuracy and produce smooth surfaces.	Digital light processing (DLP)	100 μm	50 min
Flashforge Creator Pro	Material extrusion	One of the popular 3D printers that represents AM technology is the FDM printer with extrusion-based technology. A pressure-based process heats thermoplastic or composite filament material in the bottom layer to its melting point and releases it layer by layer to produce a pressure-assisted 3D printed product. The material used for the FDM is relatively inexpensive and can have a high mechanical strength.	Fused deposition modeling (FDM)	100 μm	3 h 12 min