. 2020 Sep 29;17(19):7143. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197143

Table 3.

Summary of logistic regression models predicting diet quality by residing in a food swamp or food desert (measured using Modified Retail Food Environment Index (mRFEI)), stratified by race.

Independent Variables/Covariates	All			Non-Hispanic White (N = 2912)			Non-Hispanic Black (N = 954)			Hispanic (N = 162)
	OR	95% CI		OR	95% CI		OR	95% CI		OR	95% CI
	OR	Lower	Upper	OR	Lower	Upper	OR	Lower	Upper	OR	Lower	Upper
Residing in food swamp ¹	0.75 ***	0.66	0.84	0.75 ***	0.64	0.87	0.66 **	0.51	0.86	1.53	0.79	2.96
Residing in food desert	0.74 *	0.58	0.94	0.75 *	0.56	0.99	0.81	0.48	1.39	0.25	0.05	1.27
Lower income (vs. higher income)	0.86 *	0.74	0.99	0.85 *	0.73	0.99	0.90	0.68	1.18	1.51	0.78	2.93
Male	0.77 ***	0.69	0.87	0.76 **	0.66	0.88	0.83	0.63	1.09	0.54	0.28	1.06
Age	1.01 ***	1.01	1.01	1.01 *	1.00	1.01	1.02 ***	1.01	1.03	1.02	0.99	1.05
Single without children ²	0.57 ***	0.42	0.78	0.58 **	0.40	0.82	0.61	0.27	1.38	0.22	0.04	1.24
Single with children	0.89	0.60	1.32	0.95	0.56	1.61	0.84	0.43	1.65	0.68	0.08	6.02
Married with children	0.81	0.53	1.23	0.84	0.47	1.48	0.77	0.38	1.58	1.11	0.09	14.09
Life partner without children	1.28	0.82	1.98	1.3	0.75	2.30	1.28	0.53	3.14	2.45	0.23	25.81
Life partner with children	1.11	0.74	1.67	1.19	0.70	2.02	0.92	0.45	1.87	0.40	0.04	4.25

¹ Reference group is not living in a food swamps area; ² Reference group is married without children. Abbreviations: OR, odds ratios; CI, confidence interval; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.