Table 2.
Descriptive statistics on indicator variables used in structural equation modelling (SEM) analyses. ESSI: ENRICHD Social Support Instrument.
| n | Mean | Variance | Min | Max | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social and financial hardship 1 | |||||
| Perceived discrimination | |||||
| Discrimination by Swedish authorities | 426 | 1.96 | 1.83 | 1 | 5 |
| Discrimination in school or at work | 403 | 1.62 | 1.19 | 1 | 5 |
| Feeling disrespected due to my national background | 413 | 1.93 | 1.80 | 1 | 5 |
| People making racist remarks towards me | 418 | 1.74 | 1.14 | 1 | 5 |
| Material and economic strain | |||||
| Being unable to buy necessities | 428 | 2.68 | 2.24 | 1 | 5 |
| Worry about unstable financial situation | 426 | 3.50 | 2.07 | 1 | 5 |
| Frustration for not being able to support myself financially | 423 | 3.52 | 2.21 | 1 | 5 |
| Worry about debts | 408 | 2.73 | 2.75 | 1 | 5 |
| Social strain | |||||
| Feeling excluded or isolated in the Swedish society | 421 | 3.04 | 2.54 | 1 | 5 |
| Frustration due to loss of status in the Swedish society | 418 | 2.73 | 2.45 | 1 | 5 |
| Frustration because I am not able to make use of my competences in Sweden | 422 | 3.48 | 2.29 | 1 | 5 |
| Social support (ESSI) 2 | |||||
| Is there someone available to whom you can count on to listen to you when you need to talk? | 429 | 2.58 | 2.14 | 1 | 5 |
| Is there someone available to you to give good advice about a problem? | 427 | 2.44 | 2.05 | 1 | 5 |
| Is there someone available to you who shows you love and affection? | 419 | 2.84 | 2.44 | 1 | 5 |
| Is there someone available to help with daily chores | 421 | 2.28 | 2.11 | 1 | 5 |
| Can you count on anyone to provide you with emotional support (talking over problems or helping you make a difficult decision)? | 420 | 2.36 | 2.13 | 1 | 5 |
| Do you have as much contact as you would like with someone you feel close to, someone in whom you can trust and confide in? | 424 | 2.70 | 2.16 | 1 | 5 |
| Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-25) 3 | |||||
| Anxiety | 395 | 2.07 | 0.80 | ||
| Depression | 395 | 2.29 | 0.81 |
1 All questions are scored on a 5-point Likert scale going from 1 (Never) to 5 (Very often). 2 All questions are scored on a 5-point Likert scale going from 1 (None of the time) to 5 (All of the time). 3 All questions in both subscales are scored on a 4-point Likert scale going from 1 (Not at all) to 4 (Extremely). The anxiety and depression sub-scales consist of 10 and 15 items, respectively.