Table 3.
Main results of pooled ORs in meta-analysis of IL-4 gene polymorphisms in asthmatic patients
| Subgroup | Sample size | Test of association | Test of heterogeneity | Test of publication bias (Begg’s test) | Test of publication bias (Egger’s test) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genetic model | Case/Control | OR | 95% CI (p-value) | I2 (%) | P | z | P | t | P | |
| Overall | Dominant model | 9579 / 9881 | 1.22 | 1.04–1.44 (0.01) | 69.7 | < 0.001 | - 1.33 | 0.24 | - 1.17 | 0.39 |
| Recessive model | 9579 / 9881 | 1.17 | 1.08–1.27 (< 0.001) | 48.5 | < 0.001 | −1.38 | 0.16 | −0.60 | 0.55 | |
| Allelic model | 9579 / 9881 | 1.21 | 1.09–1.33 (< 0.001) | 71.1 | < 0.001 | − 1.05 | 0.41 | −1.82 | 0.07 | |
| TT vs. CC | 9579 / 9881 | 1.34 | 1.18–1.52 (< 0.001) | 30.5 | 0.02 | −1.25 | 0.24 | −1.90 | 0.65 | |
| CT vs. CC | 9579 / 9881 | 1.13 | 0.95–1.34 (0.17) | 68.7 | < 0.001 | −2.06 | 0.33 | −1.73 | 0.09 | |
| Age groups | ||||||||||
| Pediatrics | Dominant model | 3061 / 3536 | 1.54 | 1.24–1.92 (< 0.001) | 41 | 0.04 | − 1.93 | 0.05 | −1.63 | 0.23 |
| Recessive model | 3061 / 3536 | 1.20 | 1.05–1.37 (< 0.001) | 58.3 | < 0.001 | −0.36 | 0.71 | −1.14 | 0.27 | |
| Allelic model | 3061 / 3536 | 1.37 | 1.16–1.63 (< 0.001) | 68 | < 0.001 | −1.53 | 0.12 | − 1.99 | 0.06 | |
| TT vs. CC | 3061 / 3536 | 1.51 | 1.22–1.87 (< 0.001) | 51.6 | 0.01 | −1.44 | 0.15 | −1.47 | 0.24 | |
| CT vs. CC | 3061 / 3536 | 1.49 | 1.23–1.81 (< 0.001) | 10.6 | 0.33 | −1.92 | 0.05 | −1.22 | 0.42 | |
| Adults | Dominant model | 2933 / 2670 | 1.23 | 1.01–1.51 (0.04) | 35.2 | 0.066 | −2.10 | 0.03 | −1.86 | 0.08 |
| Recessive model | 2933 / 2670 | 1.21 | 1.04–1.40 (0.01) | 46 | 0.01 | −0.91 | 0.36 | −0.71 | 0.48 | |
| Allelic model | 2933 / 2670 | 1.24 | 1.05–1.47 (< 0.001) | 63.8 | < 0.001 | −0.97 | 0.33 | −1.45 | 0.16 | |
| TT vs. CC | 2933 / 2670 | 1.37 | 1.09–1.72 (< 0.001) | 5 | 0.39 | −1.01 | 0.47 | −1.77 | 0.19 | |
| CT vs. CC | 2933 / 2670 | 1.15 | 0.96–1.39 (0.13) | 23 | 0.17 | −2.13 | 0.03 | −1.56 | 0.13 | |
| Mixed | Dominant model | 3585 / 3675 | 0.92 | 0.65–1.32 (0.65) | 83.6 | < 0.001 | −0.09 | 0.92 | − 1.05 | 0.31 |
| Recessive model | 3585 / 3675 | 1.12 | 0.97–1.28 (0.11) | 45.4 | 0.02 | −0.41 | 0.68 | 0.39 | 0.70 | |
| Allelic model | 3585 / 3675 | 1.03 | 0.85–1.24 (0.78) | 76.3 | < 0.001 | −0.72 | 0.47 | 0.02 | 0.98 | |
| TT vs. CC | 3585 / 3675 | 1.14 | 0.91–1.42 (0.24) | 20.8 | 0.21 | −0.18 | 0.85 | −0.28 | 0.87 | |
| CT vs. CC | 3585 / 3675 | 0.87 | 0.59–1.28 (0.48) | 84.9 | < 0.001 | 0 | 1 | −1.11 | 0.28 | |
| Ethnicity-1 (Continent) | ||||||||||
| Asia | Dominant model | 5196 / 4936 | 1.15 | 0.84–1.56 (0.39) | 75.6 | < 0.001 | −1.86 | 0.06 | −1.44 | 0.20 |
| Recessive model | 5196 / 4936 | 1.16 | 1.06–1.28 (< 0.001) | 65 | < 0.001 | −1.62 | 0.10 | −0.60 | 0.55 | |
| Allelic model | 5196 / 4936 | 1.17 | 1–1.37 (0.04) | 76.7 | < 0.001 | −1.72 | 0.08 | −1.04 | 0.30 | |
| TT vs. CC | 5196 / 4936 | 1.34 | 1.13–1.58 (< 0.001) | 42.7 | 0.01 | −1.48 | 0.13 | −1.15 | 0.40 | |
| CT vs. CC | 5196 / 4936 | 1 | 0.70–1.42 (0.97) | 75.1 | < 0.001 | −2 | 0.04 | −1.42 | 0.20 | |
| Europe | Dominant model | 1704 / 2347 | 1.46 | 1.15–1.85 (< 0.001) | 56.9 | 0.01 | 0 | 1 | −0.70 | 0.49 |
| Recessive model | 1704 / 2347 | 1.35 | 0.98–1.86 (0.06) | 0 | 0.94 | − 1.58 | 0.11 | −1.91 | 0.08 | |
| Allelic model | 1704 / 2347 | 1.34 | 1.12–1.61 (< 0.001) | 51 | 0.02 | −1.03 | 0.30 | −1.50 | 0.16 | |
| TT vs. CC | 1704 / 2347 | 1.53 | 1.10–2.14 (0.01) | 0 | 0.80 | 0.16 | 0.87 | −0.87 | 0.40 | |
| CT vs. CC | 1704 / 2347 | 1.44 | 1.13–1.83 (< 0.001) | 55.6 | 0.01 | 0.78 | 0.43 | 0.33 | 0.74 | |
| America | Dominant model | 1991 / 1828 | 1.22 | 0.95–1.58 (0.11) | 54.5 | 0.01 | −1.33 | 0.27 | −2.05 | 0.07 |
| Recessive model | 1991 / 1828 | 1.15 | 0.96–1.39 (0.12) | 24.3 | 0.22 | −1.34 | 0.18 | 0.99 | 0.35 | |
| Allelic model | 1991 / 1828 | 1.19 | 0.99–1.44 (0.06) | 64.8 | < 0.001 | − 0.98 | 0.32 | −0.48 | 0.64 | |
| TT vs. CC | 1991 / 1828 | 1.27 | 0.98–1.64 (0.07) | 43.7 | 0.06 | − 1.52 | 0.12 | −1.91 | 0.09 | |
| CT vs. CC | 1991 / 1828 | 1.18 | 0.94–1.48 (0.15) | 39.3 | 0.09 | −1.52 | 0.12 | −1.94 | 0.08 | |
| Ethnicity-2 | ||||||||||
| East-Asian | Dominant model | 4246 / 3908 | 1.43 | 1.14–1.79 (< 0.001) | 26.3 | 0.14 | −1.08 | 0.28 | 1.53 | 0.29 |
| Recessive model | 4246 / 3908 | 1.14 | 1.03–1.26 (< 0.001) | 66.6 | < 0.001 | −1.02 | 0.27 | −1.51 | 0.36 | |
| Allelic model | 4246 / 3908 | 1.29 | 1.10–1.52 (< 0.001) | 72 | < 0.001 | −1.79 | 0. 58 | −3.10 | 0.06 | |
| TT vs. CC | 4246 / 3908 | 1.33 | 1.11–1.59 (< 0.001) | 41.8 | 0.02 | −1.27 | 0.29 | −1.39 | 0.31 | |
| CT vs. CC | 4246 / 3908 | 1.24 | 1.00–1.53 (0.04) | 0 | 0.74 | −1.89 | 0.68 | −1.71 | 0.10 | |
| Non-East-Asian | Dominant model | 5333 / 5973 | 1.10 | 0.90–1.36 (0.35) | 77.4 | < 0.001 | −0.80 | 0.42 | −1.18 | 0.35 |
| Recessive model | 5333 / 5973 | 1.25 | 1.08–1.45 (< 0.001) | 21.9 | 0.14 | 0.59 | 0.55 | 0.73 | 0.47 | |
| Allelic model | 5333 / 5973 | 1.15 | 1–1.32 (0.04) | 71.5 | < 0.001 | −1.05 | 0.48 | −1.82 | 0.07 | |
| TT vs. CC | 5333 / 5973 | 1.34 | 1.12–1.61 (< 0.001) | 24 | 0.11 | −0.37 | 0.70 | −1.04 | 0.30 | |
| CT vs. CC | 5333 / 5973 | 1.03 | 0.83–1.28 (0.78) | 77.9 | < 0.001 | −1.16 | 0.24 | −1.93 | 0.06 | |
| Ethnicity 3 | ||||||||||
| Caucasian | Dominant model | 7360 / 7971 | 1.30 | 1.12–1.51 (< 0.001) | 49.2 | < 0.001 | −1.04 | 0.48 | −1.51 | 0.18 |
| Recessive model | 7360 / 7971 | 1.16 | 1.06–1.27 (< 0.001) | 49.7 | < 0.001 | −1.31 | 0.24 | −2.77 | 0.09 | |
| Allelic model | 7360 / 7971 | 1.25 | 1.12–1.39 (< 0.001) | 65 | < 0.001 | 1.40 | 0.17 | −1.12 | 0.38 | |
| TT vs. CC | 7360 / 7971 | 1.34 | 1.16–1.56 (< 0.001) | 24.9 | 0.09 | −1.52 | 0.16 | −1.34 | 0.29 | |
| CT vs. CC | 7360 / 7971 | 1.22 | 1.05–1.42 (< 0.001) | 39.6 | < 0.001 | −1.54 | 0.12 | −1.80 | 0.08 | |
| Arab | Dominant model | 316 / 284 | 0.36 | 0.07–1.88 (0.22) | 91.5 | < 0.001 | 0.68 | 0.49 | −0.17 | 0.83 |
| Recessive model | 316 / 284 | 1.53 | 0.27–1.48 (0.09) | 87.4 | < 0.001 | 0 | 1 | −1.67 | 0.19 | |
| Allelic model | 316 / 284 | 0.63 | 0.67–3.68 (0.29) | 85.4 | < 0.001 | 0.49 | 0.62 | −0.11 | 0.92 | |
| TT vs. CC | 316 / 284 | 0.93 | 0.43–1.99 (0.85) | 66.6 | 0.02 | 0.68 | 0.49 | 1.25 | 0.33 | |
| CT vs. CC | 316 / 284 | 0.29 | 0.05–1.84 (0.19) | 92.3 | < 0.001 | 0 | 1 | −0.71 | 0.55 | |
| African-American | Dominant model | 1903 / 1626 | 1.34 | 1.07–1.67 (0.01) | 35.3 | 0.13 | −1.67 | 0.09 | 1.97 | 0.27 |
| Recessive model | 1903 / 1626 | 1.18 | 0.98–1.43 (0.07) | 24.7 | 0.22 | 0.63 | 0.53 | 1.11 | 0.30 | |
| Allelic model | 1903 / 1626 | 1.25 | 1.04–1.50 (0.01) | 58.9 | 0.01 | −1.46 | 0.14 | −0.81 | 0.44 | |
| TT vs. CC | 1903 / 1626 | 1.37 | 1.04–1.80 (0.02) | 36.2 | 0.12 | −1.67 | 0.09 | −1.44 | 0.40 | |
| CT vs. CC | 1903 / 1626 | 1.30 | 1.06–1.58 (0.01) | 13.9 | 0.31 | −1.67 | 0.09 | −1.46 | 0.41 | |