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. 2020 Oct 22;27:97. doi: 10.1186/s12929-020-00691-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Schematic representation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the ER subdomain. The ER network is composed of tubules and sheet-like structures that are formed by the ER-shaping proteins, of which reticulon (red) creates the curvature of the ER membrane. CLIMP-63 (orange), which is a single spanning ER membrane protein, forms an oligomer into the ER luminal space to maintain the ER sheet structure. Atlastin (blue) localizes on the three-way junction of the ER network to create an interconnection of the ER tubules. The inset region shows the ER tubular matrices within the ER sheet structures. DFCP1 (green) localizes and forms the omegasome structures on the ER subdomain