Table 2.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria at the enrolment sites

Study site	Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)		Lambaréné (Gabon)		Karonga (Malawi)
Criteria	Inclusion	Exclusion	Inclusion	Exclusion	Inclusion	Exclusion
Acute fever	History of fever, last 7 days	History of fever, more than 7 days previously*	History of fever, last 7 days	History of fever, more than 7 days previously*	On presentation†	More than 7 days*
Age (years)	2–65		2–17‡		2–65
Patient condition	Outpatient only	Critical condition	Outpatient only	Critical condition	Outpatient only	Critical condition
Informed consent/assent	Yes		Yes		Yes
Prepared to have follow-up at 2 weeks	Yes		Yes		Yes
Pregnant		No exclusion		No exclusion		Yes §

*Exclusion of patients with a history of fever of more than 7 days excludes the majority of presumptive tuberculosis cases, who usually present with a fever that has lasted for over 2 weeks.

†In Malawi, patients were unlikely to self-medicate with antipyretics prior to their clinic visit, as was the case in Brazil and Gabon, and therefore history of fever was not added to the inclusion criteria.

‡Children only, due to the setting and to counter the lower rates of child enrolment experienced in Brazil.

§National Health Science Research Committee (NHSRC) requirement. Women of childbearing age were asked about the possibility of pregnancy and offered a urine-based pregnancy test for confirmation.