Table 3.
Potential therapies targeting the inflammasome that could be used in the care of COVID-19 patients.
| Therapy | Mechanism of action | References |
|---|---|---|
| Dexamethasone | Decreases airway inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and levels of IL-1β and IL-18 | (159, 160) |
| Enoxaparin | Low molecular weight heparin shown to inhibit inflammasome activation in a mouse model of brain injury-induced ALI. | (161, 162) |
| IFN-β | Type I IFNs decreased NLRP3 inflammasome activation through STAT1 | (163, 164) |
| MCC950 | Inhibits inflammasome activation by preventing NLRP3 oligomerization | (158) |
| IC100 | Inhibits inflammasome activation by preventing ASC-speck formation | (25) |
| M5049 | Inhibits TLR7 and TLR8, which have been described in Inflammasome activation | (165–167) |
| Anakinra | IL-1 receptor blocker | (168) |
| Tocilizumab | Therapeutic monoclonal antibody that blocks IL-6 signaling | (168) |