Figure 5.

The high-fat diet (HFD)-induced HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol) level is associated with ApoA1 (apolipoprotein A1) expression in liver. A–C, Six-week-old wild-type (WT) and T5KO (TLR 5-knockout) mice were cohoused and fed HFD for 10 wk. A, The mRNA expressions of key genes regulating lipoprotein trafficking and reverse cholesterol transport were determined. Actb was used as housekeeping gene. P values were adjusted for multiple testing. B, ApoA1 and ApoE proteins in liver, and (C) ApoA1 in serum were examined. D and E, Eight-week-old WT mice received fecal microbiome transplantation from normal chow diet (NCD)- or HFD-fed donor mice. The expressions of ApoA1 in (D) liver and (E) serum were examined. F–H, Six-week-old T5KO mice were fed HFD for 5 wk, and received one injection of Ad-GFP (Ad-green fluorescent protein) or Ad-TLR5 (5×10⁹ viral particles) at the fourth week. F, Reconstitution was confirmed by the GFP signal in liver. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). ApoA1 protein levels in (G) liver and (H) serum were determined. Representative images are shown. Data are represented as mean±SEM (A–C, n=10; D–E, n=7; F–H, n=5 for each group).