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. 2020 Oct 22;138:105225. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105225

Table 2.

Use of Remote Learning Opportunities by Student Characteristics.

Last Seven Days Since School Closed Teachers:
Sample Any Online Google Held Online Sent Set
Size or Telelearning Educa DOV YouTube Class/Zoom EdModo Class Materials Homework
Full Sample 1552 0.74 0.08 0.11 0.48 0.41 0.19 0.37 0.83 0.94
Males 710 0.72 0.05 0.10 0.47 0.40 0.17 0.35 0.81 0.93
Females 842 0.77 0.10 0.12 0.48 0.42 0.20 0.39 0.85 0.94
 test of gender equality 0.034 0.001 0.197 0.648 0.570 0.088 0.086 0.018 0.273
Grade 10 545 0.72 0.07 0.11 0.44 0.42 0.17 0.36 0.79 0.90
Grade 11 595 0.72 0.08 0.10 0.46 0.35 0.15 0.31 0.84 0.95
Grade 12 412 0.82 0.09 0.12 0.55 0.50 0.26 0.47 0.88 0.96
 test of grade equality 0.000 0.473 0.613 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000
Lowest Wealth Quartile 375 0.64 0.07 0.09 0.33 0.29 0.15 0.26 0.77 0.91
Highest Wealth Quartile 405 0.81 0.07 0.12 0.58 0.52 0.21 0.50 0.88 0.97
 test of wealth equality 0.000 0.694 0.210 0.000 0.000 0.042 0.000 0.000 0.001
Mother's Education:high school or less 693 0.71 0.07 0.10 0.43 0.34 0.17 0.27 0.80 0.93
Mother's Education:beyond high school 859 0.77 0.08 0.11 0.52 0.47 0.20 0.45 0.86 0.95
 test of educational background equality 0.009 0.811 0.727 0.001 0.000 0.247 0.000 0.001 0.128
Mestizo or White 1306 0.75 0.08 0.11 0.50 0.44 0.20 0.39 0.84 0.94
Indigenous or Other 246 0.68 0.05 0.09 0.34 0.28 0.14 0.25 0.76 0.92
 test of ethnicity equality 0.022 0.153 0.480 0.000 0.000 0.035 0.000 0.002 0.306
Pichincha 1066 0.76 0.08 0.10 0.52 0.48 0.23 0.42 0.85 0.92
Napo or Orellana 486 0.71 0.07 0.13 0.38 0.27 0.09 0.26 0.79 0.97
 test of provincial equality 0.049 0.464 0.048 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.000
Have Computer & Internet 914 0.82 0.09 0.13 0.59 0.52 0.23 0.48 0.89 0.96
No Internet 404 0.61 0.05 0.07 0.28 0.22 0.11 0.17 0.73 0.91
 test of access equality 0.000 0.014 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Notes: Educa online and by radio is the platform of the Ministry of Education; DOV is Showing Life Opportunities, a platform provided by the authors. YouTube refers only to educational use of this platform; Google Class/Zoom is use of Google Classroom or Zoom; EdModo is an online educational platform. Tests of equality report p-values for t-tests (two groups) or F-tests (for grade equality) of equality of means across the groups. Pichincha is the more urban province, and Napo and Orellana the more rural provinces.