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. 2020 Oct 22;10:17986. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-75105-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Glioblastomas and the contrast enhancement depicted as R₁-difference. Two typical examples of glioblastomas. (A,B) synT1WI GD of a tumour with contrast enhancement in the periphery and a necrotic center. (F,G) synT1WI GD of a tumour with a more solid tumour appearance, exhibiting irregular contrast enhancement throughout the tumour. (C,H) zoomed images of the R₁–difference in the tumour ROI. (D,I) show the R₁–difference for the peritumoral ROI. (E,J) The corresponding histograms for R₁-difference of each ROI; orange line for the NAWM, blue for the peritumoral ROI, red for the tumour ROI, green for the necrotic centre, and purple for the distal oedema. The R₁-difference equals the contrast enhancement.