Table 1.

Main cholera outbreaks reported by European countries, except for the Russian Federation, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).

Country	Year	Cases (n)	Deaths (n)	Sequenced isolates (n)	7PET wavea	7PET sublineageb
Southern Europe
Portugal	1971	64	4	3	1	EUR1/AFR1
	1974	2467	48	5	1	EUR1/AFR1
	1975	1066	8	2	1	EUR1/AFR1
Spain	1971	22	?	2	1	EUR1/AFR1
	1979	267	?	0	?	?
Italy	1973	278	23	2	1	EUR1/AFR1
	1994	12	9c	1	2	EUR6/AFR8
Albania	1994	626	25	3	2	EUR6/AFR8
Eastern Europe
Czechoslovakia	1970	4	1	3	1	EUR1/AFR1
Romaniad	1990	270	1	40	2	EUR4/AFR6
	1991	226	9	25	2	EUR5
	1994	80	4	22	2	EUR6/AFR8
	1995	118	3	23	2	EUR7
Republic of Moldovae	1995	240	5	5	2	EUR6/AFR8
Ukrainee	1991	75	0	0	?	?
	1994	813	20	10	2	EUR6/AFR8
	1995	525	10	2	2	EUR6/AFR8
	2011	33	10	3f	3	EUR8

^aUnknown; According to Mutreja et al.⁸.

^bSeventh pandemic Vibrio cholerae El Tor (7PET) sublineages according to our study.

^cNo death according to Maggi et al.²³.

^dData reported to the WHO from 1990.

^eData reported to the WHO from 1991.

^fSequenced by Kuleshov et al.²⁴ and Smirnova et al.²⁵.