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. 2020 Oct 22;10:18102. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-74853-9

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Hepatic BDE congener analysis of DE-71-exposed mouse dams and their adult female offspring. (a) The ng/g lipid wt sum concentrations of the PBDE congeners detected (bars represent ∑PBDEs; geometric mean ± geometric SD) were comprised of BDE 28/33, BDE-153 for F1 and BDE-28/33, BDE-47, BDE-66, BDE-85/155, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153, BDE-154, BDE-183 for F0. DE-71 exposure produced significant accumulation of PBDEs in liver, being greater in directly exposed F0 versus indirectly exposed F1 female mice. Dose-dependency was only seen in F1. Values for VEH/CON are not shown since they were below the method detection limit (MDL). (b) BDE composition (percent total) in the lot of DE-71 used and in livers of F1 and F0. The multi-congener profile in F0 was similar to that of DE-71, whereas that of F1 was restricted to BDE-28/33 and BDE-153. Co-elution of BDE -28 and -33 as well as BDE-85 and -155 prevented differentiation during analysis. (c,d) Absolute concentrations of congeners found in F1 and F0 liver. Predominant congeners in F0 were BDE-47, -99, -100, and -153. Predominant congeners in F1 were BDE-28/33 and -153. Only BDE-153 showed a rise in content in F0 and F1 mice exposed to 0.4 mg/kg relative to 0.1 mg/kg. For statistical purposes, values below the MDL were substituted with randomly generated values between 0 and MDL/2 and designated as not detected (ND). Bars and error bars reflect mean ± s.e.m. *Indicates significantly different from VEH/CON (*P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001, ****P < .0001); ^indicates significantly different from the corresponding 0.1 mg/kg group (^P < .05, ^^P < .01, ^^^P < .001). #significant difference across F0 and F1. Dunnett’s T3 or Tukey’s post-hoc tests were used. n = 3–4 replicates/group, analyzed in triplicate. F1 female offspring, F0 dams, ND not detected.