Table 4.

Effects of medicinal herbs on angiogenesis and obesity.

Angiogenesis Modulator	Angiogenesis	Obesity	Mouse Model
Curcumin (polyphenol)	Microvessel density ↓, VEGF and VEGFR expression ↓	Adipogenesis ↓, body weight ↓	HFD mice
EGCG (catechin in green tea)	Tube formation of endothelial cells ↓, VEGF signaling ↓	Body weight ↓, fat mass ↓	HFD mice
Ginseng and ginsenosides	MMP activity ↓, fat vessel ↓, expression of MMP, VEGF-A, FGF-2 ↓	Adipogenesis ↓, body weight ↓	HFD and db/db mice
Ob-X (herbal composition from lemon balm, white mulberry, and injin)	Tube formation ↓, VEGF-induced microvessel outgrowth ↓, fat vessel ↓, MMP activity ↓	Adipogenesis ↓, body weight ↓, adipose tissue growth ↓	HFD and ob/ob mice
ALS-L1023 (lemon balm)	Tube formation ↓, VEGF- and FGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation ↓, fat vessel ↓, MMP activity ↓	Adipogenesis ↓, adipose tissue mass ↓, body weight ↓	HFD mice

EGCG, epigallocatechin gallate; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; HFD, high-fat diet; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.