Table 2.
Comparison of anticancer effects in humans between tea and coffee.
| Cancer Type | Tea/Green Tea/Black Tea * |
Coffee/Caffeinated Coffee/Decaffeinated Coffee * | Type of Epidemiological Study [Reference] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bladder | ↓ | +/− | Cohort study [100] |
| Bladder | +/− | ↑ | Meta-analysis of cohort study and case-control study [101] |
| Brain | ↓ | ↓ | Meta-analysis of cohort study and case-control study [102] |
| Breast | +/− | +/− | Cohort study [103] |
| Colorectal | +/− | +/− | Cohort study [104] |
| Colorectal | ↓ | +/− | Case-control study [105] |
| Endometrial | +/− | ↓ | Case-control study [103] |
| Glioma | ↓ | +/− | Cohort study [106] |
| Glioma | ↓ | ↓ | Case-control study [107] |
| Leukemia, acute myeloid | +/− | +/− | Cohort study [108] |
| Leukemia, childhood acute myeloid | +/− | ↑ | Meta-analysis of case-control study [109] |
| Leukemia, childhood acute lymphoblastic | +/− | ↑ | Meta-analysis of case-control study [99] |
| Liver | +/− | ↓ | Cohort study [110] |
| Liver | +/− | ↓ | Meta-analysis of cohort study and case-control study [24] |
| Lung | ↓ | ↑ | Cohort study [111] |
| Lymphoma, non-Hodgikin’s | ↓ | +/− | Meta-analysis of cohort study and case-control study [112] |
| Melanoma, cutaneous | +/− | ↓ | Meta-analysis of cohort study [113] |
| Ovarian | +/− | +/− | Cohort study [103] |
| Prostate | +/− | +/− | Cohort study [114] |
| Renal cell carcinoma | +/− | +/− | Cohort study [100] |
| Skin cancer, non-melanoma |
↓ | ↓ | Cohort study [115] |
| Stomach | +/− | +/− | Meta-analysis of cohort study and case-control study [25] |
| Thyroid | +/− | +/− | Cohort [116] |
* Risk decrease, risk increase and no effect are shown by ↓, ↑, and +/−, respectively.