Table 2.

Classification of M2-like macrophages.

Subtype	Functions	Key Activating Stimuli	Markers	References
M2a	Anti-inflammatory and tissue repair, killing of the infectious parasites	M-CSF, IL-13, IL-14	CD206, MHC-II, FZZI, CD163, Arg-1, IL-10, TGF-β, WNT5b	[117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124]
M2b	Increases infection, immunoregulation, tumor growth and progression	TLR, IL-1R antagonist, immunocomplexes	CD206, CD86, IL-6, IL-1, IL-10 TNF-α
M2c	Immunosuppression, phagocytosis, tissue remodeling, matrix deposition, and efferocytosis	IL-10, glucocorticoids	CD206, CD163, IL-10, MERTK, ECM, TGF-β
M2d	Angiogenesis, anti and pro-tumoral properties	A2AR ligands, TLR, IL-6	IL-10, IL-12, VEGF, TGF-β