Table 6.
Results from Multinomial Regression Models Presenting and 95% Confidence Intervals for Self-Rated Health and Experience of Difficulties by Sex in the WHO-SAGE Study (2007–2010)
| Self-rated health |
Experience of difficulties |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
|||
| Bad/poor | Bad/poor | Moderate | Extreme | Moderate | Extreme | |
| Caregiving status: no illness | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Respondent not main caregiver | 1.57 (0.74–3.35) | 1.44 (0.81–2.57) | 1.70 (0.75–3.85) | 1.56 (0.64–3.79) | 1.38 (0.75–2.53) | 2.32*(1.33–4.04) |
| Respondent main caregiver | 1.37 (0.69–2.74) | 1.09 (0.77–1.55) | 0.97 (0.60–1.57) | 0.64 (0.35–1.17) | 1.45*(1.01–2.08) | 1.27 (0.77–2.07) |
| Education | ||||||
| No formal schooling | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Primary completed | 1.26 (0.80–1.98) | 1.32* (1.06–1.65) | 1.07 (0.75–1.52) | 1.13 (0.71–1.81) | 0.84 (0.64–1.09) | 0.91 (0.66–1.25) |
| Secondary completed | 0.81 (0.52–1.27) | 0.83 (0.56–1.21) | 0.71 (0.48–1.05) | 0.68 (0.41–1.13) | 0.42*(0.31–0.57) | 0.47*(0.30–0.73) |
| College or above | 0.36*(0.17–0.76) | 0.20*(0.12–0.35) | 0.45*(0.25–0.8) | 0.37*(0.18–0.77) | 0.19*(0.11–0.35) | 0.13*(0.05–0.31) |
| Ever worked | ||||||
| Yes | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| No | 1.56 (0.76–3.21) | 1.39*(1.10–1.76) | 1.09 (0.53–2.23) | 1.52 (0.72–3.2) | 0.66*(0.52–0.85) | 1.03 (0.76–1.39) |
| Age (in years) | ||||||
| 18–49 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 50+ | 4.88*(3.41–7.0) | 2.06*(1.61–2.65) | 4.33*(3.23–5.79) | 8.69*(5.97–12.6) | 4.46*(3.36–5.93) | 7.19*(4.98–10.3) |
| Residence | ||||||
| Rural | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Urban | 0.98 (0.62–1.56) | 0.88 (0.68–1.15) | 0.69*(0.48–0.99) | 0.91 (0.58–1.41) | 0.97 (0.70–1.32) | 0.70 (0.46–1.05) |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Never married | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Currently married | 2.06 (0.99–4.28) | 1.44 (0.77–2.67) | 1.08 (0.64–1.81) | 1.38 (0.62–3.09) | 1.85*(1.16–2.95) | 3.17*(1.48–6.78) |
| Separated–widowed | 4.30*(1.79–10.2) | 2.1*(1.12–3.95) | 1.47 (0.70–3.08) | 2.8*(1.06–7.39) | 2.35*(1.42–3.9) | 7.03*(3.19–15.4) |
| Social connectedness: high | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Med | 1.16 (0.73–1.85) | 0.56*(0.38–0.82) | 1.06 (0.72–1.57) | 0.55*(0.32–0.94) | 0.83 (0.60–1.16) | 0.55*(0.36–0.84) |
| Low | 2.67*(1.66–4.29) | 0.87 (0.59–1.27) | 1.34 (0.87–2.08) | 1.47 (0.86–2.49) | 0.85 (0.62–1.17) | 0.76 (0.52–1.12) |
Estimates were weighted. RRRs adjusted for income and country.
*
and values in bold indicates p < 0.05.