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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Learn Cult Soc Interact. 2020 May 21;26:100413. doi: 10.1016/j.lcsi.2020.100413

Table 2c.

Language Background of Thai and American Fathers

Thai Mean (SE) American Mean (SE) p value
Total number 21 21 -
Age (years) 40.03 (1.12) 39.01 (1.36) .56
Education (years) 19.20 (1.33) 17.81 (0.68) .40
Age of Thai acquisition (years) 1.78 (0.39) - -
Age of English acquisition (years) 9.33 (1.50) 0.47 (0.19) < .001
Age of other language acquisition (years) - 13.50 (0.50) -
Current exposure to Thaia 86.90 (2.70) - -
Current exposure to Englisha 8.57 (1.61) 99.56 (0.22) < .001
Current exposure to other languagea - 0.38 (0.18) -
Self-reported Thai proficiencyb 9.03 (0.24) - -
Self-reported English proficiencyb 5.44 (0.39) 9.42 (0.25) < .001
Self-reported other language proficiencyb - 3.83 (0.50) -

Note.

a

Exposure was reported in terms of percentage per day.

b

Proficiency was averaged across speaking, understanding, and reading domains, measured using the LEAP-Q, on a 0–10 scale.