Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the first study cohort
| Variable | Frequency (%) N = 12,744 | |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | Female | 7,968 (62.5) |
| Male | 4,776 (37.5) | |
| Age | Median (IQR) | 70.5 (63.9–77.4) |
| SIMD | 1 | 2,235 (17.8) |
| 2 | 2,108 (16.8) | |
| 3 | 2,317 (18.5) | |
| 4 | 3,773 (30.1) | |
| 5 | 2,118 (16.9) | |
| Missing data | 193 | |
| Follow-up | Median in years (IQR) | 9.7 (6.2–11.5) |
| RRT during study period | 39 (0.31) | |
| Died during study period | 5,037 (39.5) | |
| Quinine prescriptions | Total | 233,111 |
| Median per person (IQR) | 6 (1–27) | |
| Episodes of care | Total | 267,900 |
| Median per person (IQR) | 18 (10–27) | |
| CKD status | eGFR > 60 | 11,419 (89.6) |
| eGFR 30–60 | 1,201 (9.4) | |
| eGFR 15–30 | 117 (0.9) | |
| eGFR < 15 | 7 (0.1) | |
| History of previous AKI | Nil | 12,120 (95.1) |
| Stage 1 | 470 (3.7) | |
| Stage 2 | 111 (0.9) | |
| Stage 3 | 43 (0.3) | |
| Comorbidities | Type 1 diabetes mellitus | 34 (0.3) |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 1,574 (12.4) | |
| Myocardial infarction | 606 (4.8) | |
| Heart failure | 417 (3.3) | |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 461 (3.6) | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 573 (4.5) | |
| Liver disease | 101 (0.8) |
Abbreviations: eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate (ml/min per 1.73 m2); SIMD, Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (Quintiles 1-most deprived, 5-least deprived).
IQR presented as Q1–Q3.
Age and comorbidities at start of follow-up.