Table 4.
Summary of the epidemiological studies investigating the risk of infection in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
| Study | Country | Subjects | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Risk of general infections in psoriasis | |||
| Takeshita (2018) [78] | UK | Psoriasis: 199,700 Control: 954,315 |
HR of serious infection in overall patients with psoriasis 1.21 (1.18–1.23); in mild psoriasis 1.18 (1.16–1.21); in moderate to severe psoriasis 1.63 (1.52–1.75); HR of opportunistic infection in moderate to severe psoriasis 1.57 (1.06–2.34); HR of herpes zoster in mild psoriasis 1.07 (1.05–1.10); in moderate to severe psoriasis 1.17 (1.06–1.30) |
| Kim (2019) [77] | Korean | Psoriasis: 16,383 Control: 613,144 |
RR of all infections 1.89 (1.83–1.94); RR of all infections except skin and soft tissue 1.58 (1.53–1.63) |
| Risk of general infections in PsA | |||
| Pattison (2008) [106] | UK | PsA: 98 Control: 163 |
OR of recurrent oral ulceration 4.20 (1.96–9.0) |
| Eder (2011) [101] | Canada | PsA: 159 Control: 159 |
OR of infection that required antibiotics 1.7 (1.00–2.77) |
| Haddad (2016) [103] | Canada | PsA: 695 Psoriasis: 509 |
HR of infection for PsA versus psoriasis 1.56 (1.18–2.06) |
| Risk of viral hepatitis in psoriasis | |||
| Taglione (1999) [107] | Italy | Psoriasis: 50 Control: 76 |
Prevalence of HCV was not higher in patients with psoriasis than controls. |
| Cohen (2010) [80] | Israel | Psoriasis: 12,502 Control: 24,287 |
OR of HCV in smokers 1.93 (1.30–2.67); OR of HCV in nonsmokers 2.22 (1.63–3.04) OR of HBV 1.22 (0.93–1.60) |
| Tsai (2011) [108] | Taiwan | Psoriasis: 51,800 Control: 207,200 |
OR of HCV 2.02 (1.67–2.44 OR of HBV 1.73 (1.47–2.04) |
| Yang (2011) [81] | Taiwan | Psoriasis: 1,685 Control: 5,055 |
OR of HBV or HCV in overall psoriasis 1.34 (1.04–1.73); OR of HBV or HCV in moderate to severe psoriasis 1.39 (1.06–1.83) |
| Imafuku (2013) [84] | Japan | Psoriasis: 717 Control: 38,057 |
OR of HCV 2.42 (1.82–3.21) |
| Risk of viral hepatitis in PsA | |||
| Palazzi (2005) [105] | Italy | PsA: 100 Control: 100 |
No significant difference in HCV prevalence between PsA and control (p = 0.68) |
| Taglione (1999) [107] | Italy | PsA: 50 Control: 76 |
Prevalence of HCV in PsA was higher than controls. |
Abbreviation: HBV, hepatitis B; HCV, hepatitis C; HR, hazard ratio; OR, odds ratio; PsA, psoriatic arthritis; RR, rate ratio. Values in brackets indicate 95% confidence intervals.