Table 2. Model parameters, base values and ranges used in simulations.

Parameter	Meaning	Units	Base value	Range	References
α	search rate	1/(day×flower)	480	120—3600	[14]
β	handling time	days	0.0011	0.00013– 0.0094	[22, 23, 36, 39]
δ	preference to remain on male flowers	–	0.0634	0–1	[14, 22, 24, 33, 34]
ε	preference to remain on female flowers	–	0.0725	0 –1	[14, 22]
Bm	number of male buds	flower	600000	300000–900000	[18, 37]
Bf	number of female buds	flower	600000	300000–900000	[37]
tm	peak day of male flower opening rate	day	6	2—9	[24, 37, 38, 40]
tf	peak day of female flower opening rate	day	6	2—9	[24, 37, 38, 40]
σm	spread of male flowering period		2.5	0.5–5.5	[24, 37, 38]
σf	spread of female flower period		2	1–4	[24, 37, 38]
τm	life span of male flowering	day	4	3–5	[30]
τf	life span of female flower	day	5	3–7	[34, 41, 42]
ρ	pollinators per 1000 flowers	pollinators/flower	6	1—20	[18, 30]
p1	percent chance to set fruit from single type one visit		0.66	0.25– 0.75	[14]
p2	percent chance to set fruit from single type two visit		0.55	0.1– 0.65	[14]
p3	percent chance to set fruit from single type three visit		0.22	0– 0.5	[14]