Table 3.
Mutations detected in the S gene region and their geographical distribution33.
| S mutation* | Location and possible effect | Geographical distribution |
|---|---|---|
| D614G | SARS-CoV epitope/inter-protomer stabilization | Global |
| L5F | Single peptide | 13 countries |
| L8V/W | Single peptide | Hong Kong |
| H49Y | S1 NTD domain | China |
| Y145H/del | S1 NTD domain | Six countries |
| Q239K | S1 NTD domain | Europe |
| V367F | Up/Down conformation | Europe /Hong Kong |
| G476S | RBD | Washington, USA |
| V615I/F | SARS-CoV ADE epitope | Wales |
| A831V | Potential fusion protein in S2 | Iceland |
| D839Y/N/E | S2 subunit | Europe |
| S943P | HR1 fusion core | Belgium |
| P1263L | Cytoplasmic tail | United Kingdom, Iceland, Australia |
NTD: N-terminal domain, RBD: receptor binding domain, HR1: N-terminal domain, ADE: antibody-dependent enhancement. *D: aspartic acid, G: glycine, L: leucin, F: phenyl alanine, V: valine, W: tryptophan, H: histidine, Y: tyrosine, Q: glutamine, K: lysine, S: serin, I: isolysin, A: alanine, N: asparagine, E: glutamic acid, P: proline.