Table 3. Total Contents and Relative Concentrations of Betacyanins Identified in Four Melocactus Fruit Extracts (I, M. amoenus; II, M. violaceus; III, M. curvispinus; IV, M. bahiensis) by LC-DAD–MS Measurements.

		percentage of the total peak area (%)a
no.	compd	I	II	III	IV
1	melocactin	34.8 ± 2.2	38.8 ± 1.9	37.1 ± 2.4	35.5 ± 2.5
1′	isomelocactin	23.8 ± 1.6	21.2 ± 1.2	23.4 ± 1.3	22.0 ± 1.4
2	betanin	1.1 ± 0.11	ndb	nd	nd
3	mammillarinin	19.9 ± 1.7	15.5 ± 1.8	16.5 ± 1.3	15.2 ± 1.1
2′	isobetanin	0.52 ± 0.073	nd	nd	nd
4	4′-O-malonyl-melocactin	nqc	nq	nq	nq
3′	isomammillarinin	13.9 ± 0.91	9.9 ± 0.71	9.6 ± 0.83	11.8 ± 0.69
5	gomphrenin	1.1 ± 0.13	nd	nd	nd
4′	4′-O-malonyl-isomelocactin	1.1 ± 0.15	0.92 ± 0.11	0.96 ± 0.14	1.4 ± 0.13
5′	isogomphrenin	0.54 ± 0.069	nd	nd	nd
6	phyllocactin	0.48 ± 0.039	nd	nd	nd
7	4′-O-malonyl-betanin	0.12 ± 0.017	nd	nd	nd
6′	isophyllocactin	0.34 ± 0.045	nd	nd	nd
7′	4′-O-malonyl-isobetanin	0.06 ± 0.007	nd	nd	nd
8	feruloyl-dihexosyl-betanidind	0.80 ± 0.089	nd	nd	nd
9	sinapoyl-dihexosyl-betanidind	0.22 ± 0.029	nd	nd	nd
10	5′′-O-E-sinapoyl-2′-O-apiosyl-betanin	nd	3.0 ± 0.28	2.3 ± 0.27	3.0 ± 0.20
10′	5′′-O-E-sinapoyl-2′-O-apiosyl-isobetanin	nd	2.7 ± 0.25	1.9 ± 0.18	2.0 ± 0.19
8′	feruloyl-dihexosyl-isobetanidind	0.46 ± 0.057	nd	nd	nd
9′	sinapoyl-dihexosyl-isobetanidind	0.06 ± 0.007	nd	nd	nd
11	6′-O-E-feruloyl-melocactind	0.30 ± 0.038	2.9 ± 0.27	3.4 ± 0.30	3.4 ± 0.37
11′	6′-O-E-feruloyl-isomelocactind	0.26 ± 0.033	2.3 ± 0.23	2.6 ± 0.21	2.4 ± 0.29
12	sinapoyl-dihexosyl-betanidind	nd	1.5 ± 0.11	1.2 ± 0.17	2.0 ± 0.13
12′	sinapoyl-dihexosyl-isobetanidind	nd	1.3 ± 0.09	0.96 ± 0.12	1.4 ± 0.11
total pigment content [mg/100 g]e		7.8 ± 0.57	2.7 ± 0.23	2.0 ± 0.17	3.1 ± 0.25

^aRelative concentrations were expressed as percentage of the total peak area. Average of three measurements.

^bnd: not detected.

^cnq: not quantitated due to peak coelution.

^dTentatively identified.

^eIn betanin equivalents.