Table 3.
Participant characteristics during phases of lockdown restrictions.
| Phase 2 (N = 138) |
Phase 3 (N = 97) |
Between-group differences | |
|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | M (SD) | ||
| Age | 33.38 (4.50) | 34.11 (4.40) | t(231) = −1.23, p = 0.22 |
| Gestational weeks | 25.87 (8.68) | 29.82 (7.95) | t(229) = −3.54, p = 0.001 |
| Number of children | 0.93 (1.12) | 0.89 (0.85) | t(230) = 1.05, p = 0.29 |
| Pregnancy-specific stress | 13.90 (5.57) | 14.14 (5.15) | t (224) = −0.32, p = 0.75 |
| Social support (total) | 65.99 (17.52) | 67.39 (18.58) | t (228) = −0.57, p = 0.57 |
| Social support (significant other) | 24.46 (6.35) | 24.41 (6.21) | t(231) = 0.06, p = 0.95 |
| Social support (friends) | 19.459 (7.04) | 20.81 (6.93) | t (232) = −1.32, p = 0.19 |
| Social support (family) | 21.94 (6.42) | 22.20 (7.08) | t (230) = −0.29 p = 0.77 |
| Healthy eating* | 3.20 (0.60) | 3.35 (0.55) | t (229) = −1.92, p = 0.056 |
| N(%) | N(%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Relationship status | χ2(3) = 7.98, p = 0.047 | ||
| Married | 99 (72.3) | 79 (81.4) | |
| Cohabiting | 27 (19.7) | 11 (11.3) | |
| In a relationship | 10 (7.3) | 3 (3.1) | |
| Single | 1 (0.7) | 4 (4.1) | |
| First pregnancy | χ2(1) = 0.0001, p = 0.55 | ||
| Yes | 52 (38.5) | 37 (38.5) | |
| No | 83 (61.5) | 59 (61.5) | |
| Exercise | χ2(4) = 2.96, p = 0.57 | ||
| Never | 11 (8.0) | 6 (6.2) | |
| Almost never | 19 (13.8) | 10 (10.3) | |
| Sometimes | 36 (26.1) | 35 (36.1) | |
| Fairly often | 40 (29) | 25 (25.8) | |
| Very often | 32 (23.2) | 21 (21.6) | |
| Vitamins | χ2(4) = 2.96, p = 0.57 | ||
| Never | 11 (8.0) | 6 (6.2) | |
| Almost never | 19 (13.8) | 10 (10.3) | |
| Sometimes | 36 (26.1) | 35 (36.1) | |
| Fairly often | 40 (29) | 25 (25.8) | |
| Very often | 32 (23.2) | 21 (21.6) | |
| Sleep | χ2(4) = 1.87, p = 0.76 | ||
| Never | 5 (3.6) | 2 (2.1) | |
| Almost never | 18 (13.1) | 18 (18.6) | |
| Sometimes | 50 (36.5) | 36 (37.1) | |
| Fairly often | 42 (30.7) | 26 (26.8) | |
| Very often | 22 (16.1) | 15 (15.5) | |
| Alcohola | |||
| Never | 122 (88.4) | 84 (86.6) | |
| Almost never | 14 (10.1) | 6 (6.2) | |
| Sometimes | 1 (0.7) | 7 (7.2) | |
| Fairly often | 1 (0.7) | – | |
| Very often | – | – | |
| Smokinga | |||
| Never | 129 (93.5) | 92 (94.5) | |
| Almost never | 3 (2.2) | 1 (1.0) | |
| Sometimes | 3 (2.2) | 3 (3.5) | |
| Fairly often | – | – | |
| Very often | 3 (2.2) | 1 (1.0) | |
Note. Pregnancy-specific stress scores can range from 0 to 34; all social support scores can range from 12 to 84; frequency of healthy eating ranges from 0 to 4.
a
Alcohol and smoking were not included in further analyses due to the low number of participants reporting engaging in these behaviours.