Table 1.
Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of the DPN and Control Patients
| Variables | Control (n=220) |
DPN (n=73) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (median, IQR) | 61 (45–71) | 65 (58–75) | 0.002 |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.096 | ||
| Male | 106 (48.2) | 27 (37.0) | |
| Female | 114 (51.8) | 46 (63.0) | |
| Duration of diabetes years, median (IQR) | 6.5 (4–15) | 8.5 (5.5–16) | 0.031 |
| Type of DM, n (%) | 0.025 | ||
| Type I | 47 (21.4) | 7 (9.6) | |
| Type II | 173 (78.6) | 66 (90.4) | |
| Type of treatment, n (%) | 0.072 | ||
| Insulin | 158 (72.8) | 62 (86.1) | |
| Oral hypoglycemic | 53 (24.4) | 9 (12.5) | |
| Diet | 6 (2.8) | 1 (1.4) | |
| BMI kg/cm2, median (IQR) | 27 (22–33) | 31 (26–35) | 0.003 |
| Smoking status | 29 (13.2) | 15 (20.5) | 0.131 |
| Alcohol status | 2 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0.413 |
| Laboratory indices | |||
| Fasting blood glucose mmol/L (median, IQR) | 9 (7–12) | 10 (6–14) | 0.507 |
| HbA1C (median, IQR) | 9 (7–10) | 9 (7–10) | 0.851 |
| Systolic blood pressure mmHg (median, IQR) | 124 (107–139) | 125 (110–143) | 0.254 |
| Diastolic blood pressure mmHg (median, IQR) | 69 (58–76) | 66 (55–73) | 0.158 |
| Micro-albuminuria (median, IQR) | 26 (2–100) | 50 (50–200) | 0.092 |
| Proteinuria (median, IQR) | 2 (1.25–2) | 2 (1–2) | 0.218 |
| Serum Creatinine umol/L (median, IQR) | 71 (61–117) | 103 (80–192.5) | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol mmol/L (median, IQR) | 4 (3–5) | 4 (3–4.75) | 0.649 |
| Triglycerides mmol/L (median, IQR) | 1(1–2) | 1 (1–2) | 0.356 |
| Albumin g/L (median, IQR) | 37 (32–40) | 35 (30–39) | 0.035 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DPN, diabetes peripheral neuropathy; IQR, interquartile range.