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. 2020 Oct 24;91:383–392. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.10.019

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of UK Biobank participants by COVID-19 test positivity.

Characteristic All Participants
Test Negative
COVID-19 Test Positive
(N = 389,620) (N = 2,793) (N = 1,091)
Sex
Male 176,151 1,343 582
Female 213,469 1,450 509
Age at 56.62(8.03) 57.71(8.59) 57.17(9.23)
Recruitment
BMI 27.25(4.95) 27.91(5.88) 28.52(5.85)
Smoking status
not answer 1,368 13 8
Never 211,495 1,282 492
Previous 138,423 1,110 471
Current 38,315 388 120
Alcohol use
not answer 329 6 2
Never 12,195 101 30
Previous 12,885 144 67
Current 364,211 2,542 992
Pre-existing conditions
Type 2 diabetes 19,732 450 144
Hypertension 86,337 306 394
Obesity 15,361 214 83
Dementias 992 45 34
Alzheimer's disease 509 25 20
Biomarkers
HDL cholesterol 1.45 (0.38) 1.43 (0.37) 1.35 (0.38)
Apolipoprotein A 1.55 (0.26) 1.52 (0.27) 1.48 (0.24)
Triglycerides 1.74 (1.01) 1.76 (1.02) 1.86 (1.03)
Rheumatoid factor 24.35 (19.6) 22.1 (19.6) 27.9 (18.6)