Fig. 3.

Transport, thermal, and spectra properties of DOL-based electrolytes containing LiNO₃ as additive. (A) Arrhenius plots of ionic conductivity versus temperature for electrolytes with different concentrations of LiNO₃. (Inset) The values of σ₀ and Ea provided were obtained by fitting the experimental data (symbols) using the Arrhenius ion-transport model (lines). (B) Effect of LiFSI and LiNO₃ salt content on the temperature-dependent bulk modulus of DOL-based liquid electrolytes. (C) Heat flow as a function of temperature obtained from DSC analysis of the same electrolytes in B. (D) Proposed interactions of the electrolyte components. (E) ATR-FTIR and (F) Raman spectra of designed electrolytes. The electrolyte designated as DOL Ele. is a 2 M solution of LiFSI in the electrolyte solvent DOL Sol. We added different concentrations of LiNO₃ (0.25, 0.5, 1 M) to the DOL Ele. to explore the effect of LiNO₃ on ion transport, compressibility, and thermal properties of the electrolytes.