Table 3.

Individual amino acids, total BCAA, total EAA, and total amino acid area under the curve (AUC, μmol /L 180 min)

Amino acid	MPC		MPC + BC30		MPC vs. MPC + BC30
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	p value (t-test)	% Difference	ES (d)	95% CI
Arginine	329	84	368	66	0.028	11.8	0.52	(− 73.2, − 4.5)
Glutamine	2,478	281	2,483	307	0.924	0.2	0.02	(− 102.2, 92.9)
Citrulline	148	36	145	28	0.541	− 1.8	− 0.08	(− 6.1, 11.4)
Serine	421	71	439	73	0.131	4.2	0.24	(− 40.7, 5.6)
Asparagine	331	80	312	71	0.261	− 5.8	− 0.26	(− 15.0, 53.3)
Glycine	914	221	967	271	0.095	5.4	0.20	(− 109.0, 9.3)
Threonine	571	124	572	118	0.962	0.2	0.01	(− 47.9, 45.7)
Alanine	1,416	341	1,472	293	0.268	3.9	0.17	(− 156.4, 45.2)
Ornithine	266	61	284	70	0.165	6.9	0.28	(− 44.6, 8.0)
Methionine	131	26	138	19	0.101	6.0	0.34	(− 17.4, 1.6)
Proline	966	213	974	174	0.773	0.8	0.04	(− 63.4, 47.6)
Lysine	826	133	842	117	0.451	2.0	0.13	(− 62.0, 28.3)
Aspartic acid	18	7	19	9	0.824	2.4	0.05	(− 4.8, 3.8)
Histidine	327	44	324	34	0.642	− 0.9	− 0.09	(− 10.1, 16.1)
Valine	1,527	219	1,560	263	0.378	2.1	0.13	(− 107.3, 42.0)
Glutamic acid	134	40	148	53	0.088	9.4	0.30	(− 30.3, 2.2)
Tryptophan	382	74	397	94	0.485	3.8	0.18	(− 58.5, 28.5)
Leucine	770	102	797	122	0.123	3.5	0.24	(− 61.1, 7.7)
Phenylalanine	289	59	303	41	0.072	4.9	0.28	(29.8, 1.4)
Isoleucine	384	52	403	62	0.050	4.7	0.32	(− 36.5, 0.00)
Cysteine	72	30	77	34	0.482	7.7	0.17	(− 21.3, 10.3)
Tyrosine	344	59	356	60	0.265	3.6	0.21	(− 34.9, 10.0)
Total BCAA	2,698	364	2,762	433	0.301	2.4	0.16	(− 188.1, 60.2)
Total EAA	4,636	553	4,764	565	0.166	2.8	0.23	(− 313.8, 56.6)
Total Amino Acids	13,048	1,433	13,381	1,140	0.146	2.6	0.26	(− 789.3, 123.0)

Values inside table are the calculated areas under the curves (AUC) using the trapezoidal rule for each participant who completed the study protocol. Italic-type face = between-group difference (p < 0.05)