Table 2.

Autophagy inhibitors for treating cancer

Compound	Target or mode of action	Cancer types	References
3-Methyladenine (3-MA), LY294002	Class III PI3K	HeLa cells	Hou et al., 2012
Bafilomycin A1	Beclin-1, lysosomal H+-ATPase inhibitor	Gastric cancer cells	Li et al., 2016
Chloroquine (CQ)	Fusion process of autophagosome and lysosome	Glioma cells, breast cancer, colon cancer	Hori et al., 2015; Cave et al., 2018; Liu et al., 2019
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)	Lysosomal capthepsin D	Colorectal cancer, breast cancer	Cook et al., 2014; Patel et al., 2016
Quinacrine	p21/p27	Ovarian cancer	Jung et al., 2018
ABT-737	Bcl-2	Multiple myeoloma, colorectal cancer cells	Sun et al., 2018
Obatoclax	Bcl-2	Bladder cancer, colorectal cancer	Koehler et al., 2015; Jimenez-Guerrero et al., 2018
Bortezomib	Proteasome	Multiple myeloma, prostate cancer cells, osteocarcinoma, breast cancer cells, ovarian cancer cells, glioblastoma	Periyasamy-Thandavan et al., 2010; Zhu et al., 2010; Lou et al., 2013; Kao et al., 2014; Zhang et al., 2014
Elaiophylin	Inhibition of autophagy flux	Ovarian cancer cells, multiple myeloma	Zhao et al., 2015; Wang et al., 2017
4-Acetylantroquinonol B	Inhibition of autophagy flux	Epithelial cancer cells	Liu et al., 2017
Thymoquinone	Permeabilization of the lysosome membrane	Glioblastoma cells	Racoma et al., 2013