Table 1.
Comparison of Body Indices and Hematological, Ventilatory, and Hemodynamic Parameters Between the Control Group and Sickle-Cell Trait (SCT) Subjects, and Between the Control Group and Subjects with 3.7 Rightward Deletion (−3.7α2/α1α2) Using Independent-Sample Student’s t-test
| Control Group (α1α2/α1α2 and non-SCT), mean ± SD (Interquartile Range), n=42 | SCT, mean ±SD (Interquartile Range), n=5 | P-value | −3.7α2/α1α2, mean ± SD (Interquartile Range), n=28 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight, kg | 52.26±5.12 (6.5) | 55.0±5.9 (3.9) | 0.606 | 53.428±5.25 (8.4) | 0.376 |
| BMI | 21.18±1.53 (2.52) | 22.1±1.7 (1.73) | 0.461 | 21.43±1.68 (1.72) | 0.547 |
| RBC count ×106 | 4.31±0.52 (0.42) | 4.8±0.6 (0.13) | 0.068 | 4.52±0.74 (0.64) | 0.163 |
| Hb, g/dL | 11.4±0.9 (0.875) | 10.9±0.1 (0.6) | 0.267 | 10.7±1.65* (1.2) | 0.020 |
| Hct, % | 36.22±3.10 (4.225) | 36.5±3.1 (2.8) | 0.870 | 34.42±5.33 (4.575) | 0.080 |
| MCH, pg | 26.41±2.19 (2.9) | 23.1±3.0** (0.8) | 0.004 | 23.89±4.76** (5.225) | 0.005 |
| MCHC, g/dL | 31.98±3.58 (1.925) | 30.0±1.1 (1) | 0.220 | 31.05±3.14 (1.775) | 0.269 |
| RDW, % | 15.32±4.67 (2.925) | 13.5±1.7 (0.1) | 0.397 | 15.06±3.67 (2.3) | 0.810 |
| MCV, fl | 86.49±11.88 (8.8) | 77.0±7.8* (6.1) | 0.045 | 72.42±13.45** (15) | 0.00005 |
| HbF, % | 0.61±1.23 (0.3) | 0.7±0.5 (0.8) | 0.898 | 0.29±0.23 (0.125) | 0.182 |
| HbA2, % | 2.72±0.24 (0.3) | 3.2±0.2 (0) | 0.067 | 2.66±0.69 (0.45) | 0.778 |
| Serum ferritin, µg/L | 19.55±20.88 (10.745) | 16.5±12.7 (22.55) | 0.318 | 20.05±18.89 (20.3) | 0.924 |
| Serum iron, µg/L | 71.54±37.64 (59.5) | 73.0±34.7 (37.1) | 0.383 | 56.82±30.76 (40) | 0.107 |
| TIBC, µmol/L | 312.66±76.53 (78.65) | 354.5±44.7 (72.6) | 0.332 | 312.99±68.51 (107.3) | 0.986 |
| Ventilation, L/min (VE) | 60.84±11.31 (16) | 64.5±17.0 (18.9) | 0.468 | 56.09±11.02 (16.8) | 0.055 |
| Tidal volume, L | 1.275±0.196 (0.298) | 1.4±0.2 (0.065) | 0.380 | 1.29±0.18 (0.212) | 0.714 |
| Respiratory frequency | 48.11±7.70 (8.2) | 45.9±12.1 (7.3) | 0.918 | 43.14±7.67* (13.9) | 0.013 |
| VO2max, mL/min | 1,513.73±206.16 (221) | 1,467.8±186.58 (263) | 0.640 | 1,355.45±177.94** (230) | 0.004 |
| VO2max, mL/min.kg | 28.41±4.19, (5.25) | 29.7±3.9 (1.64) | 0.929 | 26.63±3.0 (3.74) | 0.087 |
| CO2 production (VCO2), mL/min | 1560.59±263.61 (315) | 1,622.0±432.8 (94) | 0.859 | 1,501.16±286.00 (370) | 0.393 |
| Respiratory exchange ratio, VCO2/VO2 | 1.29±0.09 (0.08) | 1.3±0.1 (0.05) | 0.975 | 1.33±0.10 (0.12) | 0.230 |
| Anerobic threshold, mL/min | 825.39±423.28 (261) | 879.2±293.8 (204) | 0.555 | 700.4±185.78 (345) | 0.168 |
| Anerobic threshold, mL/min.kg | 15.76±7.76 (4.35) | 16.1±5.2 (5.55) | 0.509 | 13.076±3.22 (5.1) | 0.105 |
| Resting heart rate (beats/min) | 97.02±15.46 (16) | 94.0±14.8 (17) | 0.640 | 96.88±12.97 (13) | 0.960 |
| Resting systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 97.83±10.4 (11) | 100.8±10.6 (4) | 0.211 | 103.52±12.38* (18) | 0.049 |
| Resting diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 57.68±8.91 (11) | 59.8±8.6 (12) | 0.105 | 60.12±8.22 (9) | 0.271 |
| Maximum heart rate (beats/min) | 181.61±6.93 (11) | 179.2±8.8 (3) | 0.585 | 183.44±7.18 (8) | 0.308 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) at VO2max | 143.9±14.73 (21) | 141.6±9.5 (12) | 0.813 | 143.90±14.73 (15) | 0.321 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) at VO2max | 80.54±13.31 (17) | 77.2±16.7 (26) | 0.985 | 81.76±19.15 (17) | 0.761 |
| Postexercise heart rate after 3 minutes’ recovery (beats/min) | 164.27±134.19 (22) | 146.2±10.6 (10) | 0.747 | 143.16±12.81 (18) | 0.437 |
| Postexercise diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 57.09±8.22 (12) | 60±13.66 (14) | 0.239 | 54.22±7.18 (10) | 0.165 |
| Postexercise systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 109.71±13.89 (20) | 123±13.51* (22) | 0.037 | 111.30±11.1 (18.5) | 0.318 |
Notes: *P<0.05, **P<0.01.
Abbreviations: RBC, red blood cell; Hb, hemoglobin; Hct, hematocrit; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, MCH concentration; RDW, red cell–distribution width; MCV, mean cell volume; TIBC, total iron-binding capacity; VO2max, maximum O2 uptake.