Table 3.
Flu Vaccine Related HBM Descriptives for Twitter by Season.
| Variable/sub-variable | Early season | Peak season | Direction | Absolute percentage difference | 95% CI | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total sample | 52.1%(n = 521) | 47.9%(n = 479) | ||||
| Health Belief Model | ||||||
| Perceived high benefits flu vaccine | 64.5% (n = 336) | 54.7% (n = 262) | decrease | 9.8 | −0.159, −0.037 | .002* |
| Perceived high barriers flu vaccine | 11.3% (n = 59) | 25.3% (n = 121) | increase | 14.0 | 0.092, 0.187 | <.001* |
| Perceived high severity flu | 42.0% (n = 219) | 34.7% (n = 166) | decrease | 7.3 | −0.134, −0.014 | .017* |
| Perceived susceptibility flu | 11.9% (n = 62) | 21.5% (n = 103) | increase | 9.6 | 0.050, 0.142 | <.001* |
| Cue to action - get flu vaccine | 69.1% (n = 360) | 53.2% (n = 255) | decrease | 15.9 | −0.218, −0.099 | <.001* |
| Self-efficacy - get flu vaccine | 28.2% (n = 147) | 16.1% (n = 77) | decrease | 12.1 | −0.172, −0.071 | <.001* |
| HBM related variables | ||||||
| Severity: Flu serious | 40.5% (n = 211) | 33.0% (n = 158) | decrease | 7.5 | −0.135, −0.016 | .014* |
| Severity: Flu complications | 12.3% (n = 64) | 15.7% (n = 75) | increase | 3.4 | −0.009, 0.077 | .123 |
| Barriers: Flu vaccine deadly | 2.5% (n = 13) | 1.3% (n = 6) | decrease | 1.2 | −0.029, 0.004 | .150 |
| Barriers: Flu vaccine does not work | 3.6% (n = 19) | 11.5% (n = 35) | increase | 7.9 | 0.008, 0.065 | <.001* |
| Barriers: Mistrust flu vaccine safety | 5.8% (n = 30) | 11.7% (n = 56) | increase | 5.9 | 0.024, 0.094 | .001* |
| Barriers: Civil liberties related to flu vaccine | .6% (n = 3) | 1.9% (n = 9) | increase | 1.3 | −0.001, 0.027 | .059 |
| Barriers: Conspiracy | 3.8% (n = 20) | 14.4% (n = 69) | increase | 10.6 | 0.070, 0.141 | <.001* |
| Government | 40.0% (n = 8) | 37.7% (n = 26) | decrease | 2.3 | −0.266, 0.220 | |
| Medical | 15.0% (n = 3) | 46.4% (n = 32) | increase | 31.4 | 0.118, 0.510 | |
| Pharmaceutical | 30.0% (n = 6) | 55.1% (n = 38) | increase | 25.1 | 0.018, 0.483 | |
| Barriers: Flu vaccine adverse reactions | 3.8% (n = 20) | 7.9% (n = 38) | increase | 4.1 | 0.012, 0.070 | .006* |
| Rash | 0.0% (n = 0) | 5.3% (n = 2) | increase | 5.3 | −0.018, 0.124 | |
| Shortness of breath | 10.0% (n = 2) | 2.6% (n = 1) | decrease | 7.4 | −0.215, 0.067 | |
| Autism symptoms/diagnosis | .0% (n = 0) | 15.8% (n = 6) | increase | 15.8 | 0.042, 0.274 | |
| Paralysis | 30.0% (n = 6) | 21.1% (n = 8) | decrease | 8.9 | −0.329, .150 | |
| Death | 60.0% (n = 12) | 15.8% (n = 6) | decrease | 44.2 | −0.686, −0.198 | |
| Fever | 5.0% (n = 1) | 2.6% (n = 1) | decrease | 2.4 | −0.132, 0.085 | |
| Other | 50% (n = 10) | 73.7% (n = 28) | increase | 23.7 | −0.023, 0.497 | |
Note. Bolded frequencies are totals in group and therefore the denominator for the subgroup in that section.
*
Significant at P < .05, using Chi Square tests; Fisher’s Exact Test if n < 5.