Table 1.
Research directions on the effects of digitization on the tourism economy (with particular emphasis on factor analysis).
Source: own study
| Research directions | Author | Type of factors or relations which were analyzed |
|---|---|---|
| The relationship between digitization and various factors affecting the tourism economy | (Gretzel et al. 2000) (Dellarocas 2003) | Increased sales |
| (Gretzel et al. 2000) (Tiefenbeck et al. 2016) (Mistliis et al. 2014) | Classic booking | |
| (Azevedo and Weyl 2016) (PWC 2015) | Sharing economy | |
| (Alford 2005) (Buhalis and O´Connor 2005) (Sundararajan 2014) | Process costs | |
| (Ralph and Searby 2004) (Buhalis and Amaranggana 2014) (Harasymowicz 2015) | Personalized offers | |
| (Bennet 2012) (Leung et al. 2012) (Hudson and Thal 2013) | Social media | |
| (Xiang and Gretzel 2010) (Ighalo 2014) (Book et al. 2016) | Customer reviews | |
| (Huang et al. 2016) (Kim and Hall 2019) | Virtual reality | |
| Defining four criteria for tourism which can stimulate many changes mainly related to economic growth: employment sector, penetration rate, technology and the value factor | (Buhalis and Law 2008) | Relationship between economic growth and the employment sector, penetration rate, technology and the value factor |
| Research on policy factors: the digitization of tourism as a unique industrial policy goal; the failure to face this challenge could have wide-ranging economic consequences | (Stiakakis and Georgiadis 2011) (Gruber 2017) (Okhimenko et al. 2019) | Influence of policy factors |
| Stability of systems and data: Big Data could potentially also be used for internal risk management and outside monitoring of financial services and institutions, and thus make supervision more efficient | (Adamczewski 2016)((Dorofeyev et al. 2018) | Impact of system and data stability |
| The impact of financial services on the development of the tourism economy by means of digitization | (Keller B. 2015) (Pshenichnikov 2017) (Afonasova et al. 2019) | Financial services |
| Research on digitization in the tourism economy shows that, despite the flexibility of operation, efficiency improves with rapid introduction of changes and the tendency to have a cheap structure is strengthened A quick redefinition of business models can lead to activity which is highly disruptive to traditional paradigms | (Cuesta et al. 2015) (Rayna and Striukova 2016) | The impact of new technologies on business models |
| Research on the impact of digitization on the productivity of the tourism economy. In particular, researchers sought the answer raising the question of a possible productivity paradox in the digital economy was sought and they looking for the answer whether productivity in industrialized countries now confronts an apparent decline | (Gorelova 2016) (Watanabe et al. 2018) | Productivity in industrialized countries |
| Research on various measurement methods and factors affecting the level of GDP and the impact of digitization on measuring international transactions and assets, as well as the scope of works and services | (Cockayne 2016) (Ahmad and Schreye 2016) (Watkins et al. 2018) | GDP and impact for measuring international transactions and assets, as well as the scope of works and services |
| Research on sustainable tourism. The need to reconcile economic growth and sustainable development also has an ethical dimension in tourism | (Sustainable Tourism…, 2017) (Sofronov 2017) | Research on factors such as GHG, energy, water in combination with improving the quality of tourism jobs, preserving natural and cultural resources, limiting negative impacts at tourist destinations, including the use of natural resources and waste production;-promoting the wellbeing of the local community;-reducing the seasonality of demand;-limiting the environmental impact of tourism-related transport |
| Research on the thesis that reducing human intervention and making everything connected increases efficiency | (Mostafa et al. 2019) | Limiting human intervention |
| Implementing IT in the tourism economy and industry can lead to economic and social transformation | (Stiakakis and Georgiadis 2011) (Graham et al. 2017) (Haseeb et al. 2019) | Influence of IT on economic and social transformation |
| Impact of sustainable business performance on the tourism economy | (Haseeb et al. 2019) | Sustainable business performance |