Figure 8. Protein expression and citrate synthase activity in plantaris muscle in adult offspring sired by control or obese fathers and sedentary or exercised mothers.

A–C, protein expression of PGC1α (A), Tfam (B) and PHF20 (C). Representative western blots show the quality and signal obtained with the respective antibodies; because they represent one animal, they do not necessarily represent an exact mean of their experimental group. D, citrate synthase activity in plantaris muscle. NS, offspring sired by control diet fathers and sedentary mothers (n = 10); HS, offspring sired by obese fathers and sedentary mothers (n = 10); NE, offspring sired by control diet fathers and exercised mothers (n = 10); HE, offspring sired by obese fathers and exercised mothers (n = 9). Values are presented as mean ± SD. *Paternal obesity effect, P < 0.05. +Paternal obesity vs. Maternal exercise interaction, P < 0.05, followed by a least significant difference test (HS vs. HE).