Fig. 4.

Spectral analysis of laurdan emission of healthy, T1DM and T2DM RBC (A) spectra of laurdan in healthy, T1DM and T2DM RBC. The already observed increase in environmental membrane micropolarity (GP decrease), is detectable by the shift in the red-shifted emission. (B) Spectral phasor analysis method. The pixels selected in the blue ROI corresponds to the regions with the lowest membrane micropolarity, while the pixels in the red ROI corresponds to the highest membrane micropolarity. Regions characterized by an intermediate micropolarity value are shown in a pseudo-colored scale from red to blue (figure lookup table along with the phasor plot). The color-coded regions of interest are chosen as rectangles, with the shortest sides perpendicular to the line connecting the center of mass of the clouds in the phasor plot of untreated and treated cells. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)