Figure 5.

(Box (a)) Synthesis of densely modified oligonucleotides by ligase-catalyzed oligonucleotide polymerization (LOOPER) from pentanucleotide segments each bearing one chemical modification. (Box (b)) Example of a winning sequence (TBL1) isolated after in vitro selection steps with color coded anticodons and their respective modifications illustrated. (Box (c)) Quantitative analysis of the TBL1 LOOPER aptamer binding affinity to indicate how removing individual modifications in Box (b) affects the equilibrium dissociation constant, K_d, to demonstrate the role of chemical modifications to TBL1 binding function. (Reprinted with permission from Kong et al. [94,103] Copyright 2020 and 2017 American Chemical Society).