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. 2020 Jan 22;99(3):1663–1677. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.11.028

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effects of dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) on the mRNA expression of proinflammatory (A, B and C) and anti-inflammatory (D, E, F and G) cytokines in the mucosal tissues of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, cecal-tonsil, and colon. Open bars are the control group, and orange filled bars are the DSS group. Values are the fold change in target gene expression compared with a standard duodenum sample from the control group (n = 8). Target gene expression was normalized to the house-keeping gene RPS17. Asterisks (*, **) indicate significant differences between the water (control) and DSS-treated groups (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively).