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. 2020 Oct 26;11:5392. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19088-y

Fig. 4. Tire modeling results.

Fig. 4

a The strain as a function of time for three speeds is estimated using Eq. (5) for a load of 3000 N and pressure of 28 psi. It can be observed that the amplitude of the strain remains the same with speed. b The simulated strain in the tire as a function of time for three loads is shown for a speed of 5 mph, and pressure of 28 psi. c The simulation results for strain as a function of time for three pressures at a speed of 5 mph and a load of 3000 N. d The simulated radial displacement as a function of angular position for three tire pressures for a load of 3000 N and speed of 5 mph. It can be observed that the displacement and hence the strain increases with decrease in the tire pressure for a given load. e A representative plot of the simulation results for tire deformation (m) at any given speed. The displacement shown corresponds to that at 5 mph, 3000 N force and 28 psi pressure with a five times amplification.