Table 3.
Comparison of postoperative complications follow-up (bleeding, swelling, trismus and infection) between smokers and nonsmokers.
| Postoperative Complications | Overall % (n) | Smokers % (n) | Nonsmokers % (N) | P value Chi square or Fisher Exact test | P value for repeated GM model | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bleeding | Day 1 | No | 2.4% (2) | 0.0% (0) | 3.4% (2) | <0.009* | 0.1 |
| <1 h | 20% (17) | 34.6% (9) | 13.6% (8) | ||||
| 1–2 h | 24.7% (21) | 34.6% (9) | 20.3% (12) | ||||
| 2–3 h | 14.1% (12) | 0.0% (0) | 20.3% (12) | ||||
| More than 3 h | 38.8% (33) | 30.8% (8) | 42.4% (25) | ||||
| Day 2 | No | 89.4% (76) | 92.3% (24) | 88.1% (52) | 1.0 | ||
| <1 h | 1.2% (1) | 0.0% (0) | 1.7% (1) | ||||
| 1–2 h | 2.4% (2) | 3.4% (2) | 0.0% (0) | ||||
| More than 3 h | 7% (6) | 7.7% (2) | 6.8% (4) | ||||
| Day 7 | No | 98.8% (84) | 100.0% (26) | 98.3% (58) | 1.0 | ||
| More than 3 h | 1.2% (1) | 0.0% (0) | 1.7% (1) | ||||
| Day 21 | No | 100% (85) | 100.0% (26) | 100.0% (59) | – | ||
| Swelling | Day 1 | No | 56.5% (48) | 46.2% (12) | 61.0% (36) | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| Mild | 36.5% (31) | 46.2% (12) | 32.2% (19) | ||||
| Moderate | 5.9% (5) | 7.7% (2) | 5.1% (3) | ||||
| Day 2 | No | 70.6% (60) | 53.8% (14) | 78.0% (46) | <0.04* | ||
| Mild | 24.7% (21) | 42.3% (11) | 16.9% (10) | ||||
| Moderate | 4.7% (4) | 3.8% (1) | 5.1% (3) | ||||
| Day 7 | No | 92.9% (79) | 92.3% (24) | 93.2% (55) | 1.0 | ||
| Mild | 6% (7.1) | 7.7% (2) | 6.8% (4) | ||||
| Day 21 | No | 100% (85) | 100.0% (26) | 100.0% (59) | – | ||
| Trismus | Day 1 | No | 88.2% (75) | 96.2% (25) | 84.7% (50) | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Yes | 11.8% (10) | 3.8% (1) | 15.3% (9) | ||||
| Day 2 | No | 95.3% (81) | 96.2% (25) | 94.9% (56) | 1.0 | ||
| Yes | 4.7% (4) | 3.8% (1) | 5.1% (3) | ||||
| Day 7 | No | 100% (85) | 100.0% (26) | 100.0% (59) | – | ||
| Day 21 | No | 100% (85) | 100.0% (26) | 100.0% (59) | – | ||
| Infection | Day 1 | No | 76.5% (65) | 73.1% (19) | 78.0% (46) | 0.8 | 0.5 |
| Yes | 23.5% (20) | 26.9% (7) | 22.0% (13) | ||||
| Day 2 | No | 95.3% (81) | 92.3% (24) | 96.6% (57) | 0.6 | ||
| Yes | 4.7% (4) | 7.7% (2) | 3.4% (2) | ||||
| Day 7 | No | 95.3% (81) | 92.3% (24) | 96.6% (57) | 0.6 | ||
| Yes | 4.7% (4) | 7.7% (2) | 3.4% (2) | ||||
| Day 21 | No | 98.8% (84) | 100.0% (26) | 98.3% (58) | 1.0 | ||
| Yes | 1.2% (1) | 1.7% (1) | 0.0% (0) | ||||
*
: statistical significance.