Fig. 4.

Heterogeneous origins of plasma EVs from different disease conditions. (a) Boxplots show the comparison of the absolute liver fraction of EV-origin in diverse hepatic diseases. (b) Three-dimensional scatterplot visualization displaying the fold-change comparisons of EV-origin absolute results for HCC and other types of non-tumor samples. (c) Comparison of relative liver fraction of EV-origin from all types of exLR-seq samples. The results are shown as the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001. (d) ROC plot unravels the diagnostic performance of EV-origin in distinguishing HCC and hepatic disease samples from healthy individuals. The high diagnostic performance of EV-origin for separating carcinoma from non-carcinoma individuals is also indicated. HD: hepatic disorders. (e) ROC diagram shows the diagnostic efficiency of absolute hepatic fraction derived from EV-origin in validation cohort.