Prostratin and GRC-2 activates PKC isoforms and PKD in A549 cells. (A) A549 cells were treated with prostratin (3 μM) or GRC-2 (300 nM) for indicated periods. Cells were harvested and subjected to immunoblotting for PKC-δ, PKD, and PKC-α. (B) A549 cells were treated with prostratin (3 μM) and GRC-2 (300 nM) for 10 min. PKC-δ, PKD, and PKC-α translocation (green) were detected by immunofluorescence. Nuclei were counterstained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (blue). The images were overlapped (Merge) to determine translocation. The cell morphology was visualized with differential interference contrast (DIC) optics. Scale bar, 50 μm. White arrows indicate PKCs or PKD which were translocated to the cell membrane.