AA3	Anemoside A3
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
AICD	APP intracellular domain
AMPA	α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4isoxasolepropionic acid
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate
APP	Amyloid precursor protein
Aβ	Amyloid-β
BDNF	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
BACE1	β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1
CA1	cornu ammonis 1
CAMKII	Calmodulin-dependent kinase II
Cdk-5	Cyclin Dependent Kinase-5
CK1/2	Casein kinase 1/2
CNS	Central nervous system
CREB	Cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein
CTEP	2-chloro-4-[2-[2,5-dimethyl-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phe-nyl]imidazol-4-yl]ethynyl] pyridine
DARPP-32	Dopamine and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-regulated neuronal phosphoprotein
DCG-IV	(2S,2′R,3′R)-2-(2′,3′-dicarboxycyclopropyl)glycine
DHA	Dihydrokainic acid
DHPG	3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycone
EAATs	Excitatory aminoacid transporters
EphB2	Ephrin ligand receptor
ERK	Extracellular signal-related kinase
GABA	Gamma-Aminobutyric acid
GCPII	Glutamate caboxypeptidase II
GDNF	Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factors
GPCRs	G protein-coupled receptors
GSK3β	Glycogen synthase kinase 3-β
HMW	High-molecular-weight
HNE	4-Hydroxy-2-noneal
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinase
LTD	Long-term depression
LTP	Long-term potentiation
LMW	Low-molecular-weight
mTOR	mammalian Target of Rapamycin
MAP	Microtubule associated protein
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
mPTP	mitochondrial permeability transition pore
MTEP	3-((2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethynyl)pyridine
NAA	N-acetylaspartate
NAAG	N-acetylaspartylglutamate
NAAGS-I	NAAG synthetase I
NAM	Negative allosteric modulator
NFTs	Neurofibrillary tangles
NMDA	N-methyl-D-aspartate
Non-PDPKs	Non-proline-directed protein kinases
PAG	Phosphate-activated glutaminase
PAM	Positive allosteric modulator
PSD95	Postsynaptic density protein 95
PDPKs	Proline-directed protein kinases
PI	Polyphosphoinositide
PKA	Protein kinase A
PrPc	Cellular prion protein
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
SAM	Silent allosteric modulator
sAPPα	Soluble APPα
sAPPβ	Soluble APPβ
STAT3	Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
STEP61	Striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase 61
TARP	TCR Gamma Alternate Reading Frame Protein
TCA	Tricaboxylic acid
TGF-β1	Transforming growth factor β1
TMD	Transmembrane domain
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor-α
VGLUT1/2	Vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2
2-PMPA	2-(phosphonomethyl) pentanedioic acid