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. 2020 Oct 19;17(20):7623. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207623

Table 2.

Unadjusted and adjusted effects of perceived COVID-19 risk on stress symptoms (N = 1016–1187).

Perceived COVID-19 Risk
Unadjusted Model
N Estimated Marginal Mean Standard Error Pairwise Comparison
1. Low 278 1.89 0.05 1 < 2 ***, 1 < 3 ***
2. Medium 419 2.23 0.04 2 > 1 ***, 2 < 3 ***
3. High 490 2.53 0.04 3 > 2 ***, 3 > 1 ***
Perceived COVID-19 Risk
Adjusted Model (Demographics) 1
N Estimated Marginal Mean Standard Error Pairwise Comparison
1. Low 268 1.92 0.06 1 < 2 ***, 1 < 3 ***
2. Medium 405 2.24 0.04 2 > 1 ***, 2 < 3 ***
3. High 471 2.52 0.04 3 > 2 ***, 3 > 1 ***
Perceived COVID-19 Risk
Adjusted Model (Demographics and Work Characteristics) 2
N Estimated Marginal Mean Standard Error Pairwise Comparison
1. Low 265 1.93 0.08 1 < 2 ***, 1 < 3 ***
2. Medium 399 2.24 0.07 2 > 1 ***, 2 < 3 ***
3. High 466 2.53 0.07 3 > 2 ***, 3 > 1 ***
Perceived COVID-19 Risk
Adjusted Model (Demographics, Work Characteristics, Member of Risk Group, Trust in Authorities and Perceived Risk in Spare Time) 3
N Estimated Marginal Mean Standard Error Pairwise Comparison
1. Low 239 1.94 0.08 1 < 2 ***, 1 < 3 ***
2. Medium 351 2.21 0.08 2 > 1 ***, 2 < 3 ***
3. High 426 2.52 0.08 3 > 2 ***, 3 > 1 ***

*** p < 0.001; 1 adjusted model controlled for gender, age, number of people living in the household, highest education; 2 adjusted model controlled for gender, age, number of people living in the household, highest education, occupational group, working time pattern; 3 fully adjusted model controlled for gender, age, number of people living in the household, highest education, occupational group, working time pattern, belonging to a COVID-19 risk group, perceived risk in spare time, and trust in the Finnish authorities.