Table 1.

Physical and chemical properties of soil and biochar.

Properties	Soil	PBC600	TPBC600
pH	6.86 ± 0.45 c	9.92 ± 0.21 b	10.85 ± 1.00 a
Ash (%)	-	41.68 ± 0.52 b	47.71 ± 0.29 a
Average pore diameter (nm)	-	1.94 ± 0.03 b	3.42 ± 0.01 a
Surface area (m2·g−1)	-	2.77 ± 0.18 b	5.70 ± 0.35 a
EC (mS·cm−3)	0.20 ± 0.25 a	0.38 ± 0.48 a	0.43 ± 0.17 a
SOM (g·kg−1)	10.38 ± 0.57 c	29.49 ± 0.33 a	17.65 ± 0.45 b
TN (g·kg−1)	0.21 ± 0.02 c	1.23 ± 0.06 b	17.32 ± 0.06 a
${\mathrm{NH}}_4^{+}-\mathrm{N}$ (mg·kg−1)	1.98 ± 0.75 c	20.42 ± 0.40 b	40.72 ± 0.51 a
${\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}-\mathrm{N}$ (mg·kg−1)	1.38 ± 1.17 c	2.58 ± 0.18 b	15.03 ± 0.32 a
AP (mg·kg−1)	0.86 ± 0.06 c	9.50 ± 0.00 a	8.81 ± 0.16 b
AK (mg·kg−1)	22.30 ± 0.20 b	36.64 ± 0.95 a	14.03 ± 0.27 c
AS (mg·kg−1)	11.77 ± 0.77 b	6.64 ± 1.40 c	25.48 ± 1.05 a
Cd (mg·kg−1)	9.97 ± 0.01 a	0.04 ± 0.01 c	0.06 ± 0.01 b

Note: Data are mean ± standard deviation. EC, electrical conductivity; SOM, soil organic matter; TN, Total nitrogen; ${\mathrm{NH}}_4^{+}-\mathrm{N}$, ammonical nitrogen; ${\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}-\mathrm{N}$, nitrate nitrogen; AP, available phosphorus; AK, available potassium; AS, available sulfur. The same below. Data were compared among treatments (Soil, PBC600 and TPBC600) using Tukey honestly significant difference test following ANOVA. Numbers with the same letter are not significantly different at p = 0.05. Numbers with the different letter are significantly different at p = 0.05.