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. 2020 Oct 21;12(10):3068. doi: 10.3390/cancers12103068

Table 1.

Ion channels in glioma.

Channel Type Cell/Tumour Model Effect on Gliomagenesis References
Eag1 (Kv10.1) GBM Cell Lines
Human Glioma
Suppression of Eag1 sensitises GBM cells to TMZ.
Gliomas, despite of their grade, tend to overexpress Eag1
Kv10.1 expression confers a significantly longer overall survival
[47,48,49]
NaV1.6
Nav1.1
Human Glioma
GBM Cell Line
High expression in glioma tissue compared to normal brain.
Knock down of SCN8A decreases glioma cell viability.
NaV1.1 and NaV1.6 play role in cytokines release in glial cells
[50,51]
TRPM3 GBM cell lines High expression of TRPM3 linked to decreased median survival [50,52]
P2RX4 Human glioma High expression of P2RX4 linked to decreased median survival
Silencing suppresses glioma cell growth through BDNF/TrkB/ATF4 signaling pathway
[50,53]
CLCN3 GBM cell lines Reduced expression of CLCN3 inhibits migration of GBM cells
CLCN3 suppression can sensitize glioma cells to cisplatin through lysosomal dysfunction
[54,55]
CLCN6 Human Glioma Down regulated in human glioma, significantly increased risk of death. [54]
CLIC1 Human Glioma
GBM cell lines
Glioma stem cell
CLICL1 is up-regulated in human glioma, conferred poor overall survival
CLIC1 silencing reduced proliferative, clonogenic, and tumorigenic capacity of stem/progenitor cells
Inhibition of CLIC1 at G1/S transition by metformin is a has an antiproliferative effect in glioblastoma
Biguanide inhibition impairs GSC viability, invasiveness, and self-renewal
[54,56,57,58]
CLIC4 Human Glioma
GBM cell lines
Down regulated in human glioma, significantly increased risk of death.
Knockdown of CLIC4 enhances ATP-induced HN4 cell apoptosis through mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum pathways
[54,59]
P2RX7 Human Glioma Down regulated in human glioma, significantly increased risk of death.
P2 × 7 receptor antagonism inhibits tumour growth
[54,60,61]
VDAC2 Human Glioma Highly expressed in glioma tissues [54]
SLC12A1 GBM cell lines Overexpression inhibits glioma cell proliferation [62]
ENaC GBM cell lines Enhances glioma motility.
Toxin inhibits whole cell current in GBM cells
γENaC subunits present in glioma samples, but not healthy astrocytes.
[62,63]
ASIC1 GBM cell lines Involved in glioma cell shrinkage, enhancing invasive capacity.
Psalmotoxin inhibits whole cell currents in GBM cells
Mambaglin-2 inhibits cell growth
[63,64,65,66,67]
TRPC6 GBM cell lines Mediator of notch driven invasiveness in glioma
Knock down of gene inhibits invasion
[68]
AQP1 GBM cell lines High expression enhances migration [69]
Kir1.4 GBM Cell lines Overexpression halts glioma cell division [70]
ClC-2, -3 & -5 GBM Cell Lines
Human Glioma
High expression levels
Mediates cell shrinkage of invading cells
CIC3 is a critical regulator of the cell cycle in malignant cells
[44,71,72]