| AICAR | 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| Atg7 | Autophagy related protein 7 |
| Atg12 | Autophagy related protein 12 |
| ATP5α | ATP synthase subunit alpha |
| ATF-4 | Activating transcription factor 4 |
| ATF-5 | Activating transcription factor 5 |
| ATFS-1 | Activating transcription factor associated with stress |
| BAK | BCL2 homologous antagonist/killer |
| BAX | BCL2-like protein 4 |
| BNIP3 | BCL2 and adenovirus E1B 19-kDa-interacting protein 3 |
| BNIP3L | BNIP3-like |
| bZIP | Basic leucine zipper |
| C26 | Colon-26 carcinoma |
| CEBPβ | CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β |
| CFCM | Cross-fiber connection mitochondria |
| CHF | Congestive heart failure |
| CHOP | CEBP Homologous Protein |
| ClpP | Caseinolytic protease proteolytic subunit |
| ClpXP | ATP-dependent Clp protease ATP-binding subunit ClpX-like |
| COPD | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| Crif1 | CR6-interacting factor 1 |
| DHA | Docosahexaenoic acid |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid |
| Dve-1 | Homeobox domain-containing protein |
| eIF2α | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha |
| FA | Fatty acid |
| FGF21 | Fibroblast growth factor 21 |
| FPM | Fiber parallel mitochondria |
| GCN2 | General control non-derepressible 2 kinase |
| GDF15 | Growth differentiation factor 15 |
| Haf-1 | Matrix peptide exporter |
| HFD | High-fat diet |
| HFHS | High-fat and high-sucrose |
| HRI | Heme-regulated inhibitor kinase |
| Hsp10 | Heat shock protein 10 |
| Hsp60 | Heat shock protein 60 |
| Hsp90 | Heat shock protein 90 |
| HT | Hydroxytyrosol |
| IMM | Inner mitochondrial membrane |
| IMS | Intermembrane space |
| IP3R1 | Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 1 |
| IP3R2 | Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 2 |
| IRE1 | Inositol-requiring enzyme-1 |
| ISR | Integrated stress response |
| Jmjd-3.1 | Lysine-specific demethylase (JuMonJi Domain protein) |
| LC3 | Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 |
| LONP1 | Lon protease 1 |
| MAM | Mitochondrial associated ER membrane |
| Mfn-2 | Mitofusin 2 |
| MPP | Mitochondrial processing peptidase |
| MRC | Mitochondrial respiratory chain |
| MTCO1 | Mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase 1 |
| mTORC1 | Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 |
| mtHsp70 | Mitochondrial heat shock protein 70 |
| MTS | Mitochondrial targeting sequence |
| LCPUFA | Long-chain polyunsaturated FA |
| NAFLD | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| NASH | Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis |
| NRF-1 | Nuclear respiratory factor 1 |
| OMM | Outer mitochondrial membrane |
| OPTN | Optineurin protein |
| p62 | Classical receptor of autophagy |
| PACS-2 | Phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 2 |
| PERK | Protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase |
| PGC-1α | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha |
| PINK1 | PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 |
| PKR | Protein kinase RNA-activated |
| PPARγ | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma |
| PUFA | Polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| SIRT1 | Sirtuin 1 |
| SIRT3 | Sirtuin 3 |
| SREBP-1c | Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c |
| TIM | Translocase of the inner membrane |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha |
| TOM | Translocase of the outer membrane |
| VDAC | Voltage-dependent anion channel |
| XBP1 | X-box-binding protein-1 |
| Yme1L1 | Yme1-like 1 ATPase |