Table 2.
Short-term trends of immunologic parameters after ICU-admission.
| Parameter | Overall (n = 19) ICU-ADM | Overall (n = 19) 1 week* | p-value (pairwise) | Favourable (n = 9) | Unfavourable Group (ADM) (n = 10) | p-value (indep.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) / Count (%) | Median (IQR) / Count (%) | |||||
| Body Temperature[°C] | 38.2 (37.6; 39) | 37.8 (37.3; 38.2) | 0.20 | 38.5 (37.7; 38.7) | 38.1 (37.4; 39.5) | 0.70 |
| Splenomegaly (1 = yes) | 4 (21%) | n.a | n.a | 2 (22%) | 2 (20%) | 0.97 |
| Hepatomegaly (1 = yes) | 5 (26%) | n.a | n.a | 2 (22%) | 3 (30%) | 0.78 |
| CRP [mg/dl] | 20.4 (14.4; 26.3) | 14.3 (8.1; 27.3) | 0.14 | 21.3 (18.6; 24.7) | 17.5(12.3; 27.9) | 0.57 |
| IL-6 [pg/ml] | 139 (85.8; 872) | 68 (38.5; 615,5) | 0.379 | 90.2(64.8; 119.5) | 568 (161; 2094) | 0.14 |
| PCT [ng/ml] | 0.8 (0.3; 3.3) | 0.4 (0.2; 1.1) | 0.24 | 0.4 (0.2; 3.1) | 1.0 (0.5; 3.4) | 0.81 |
| N (PCT ≥ 1 ng/ml) | n.a | 8 (42%) | n.a | 1 (11%) | 7 (70%) | 0.18 |
| N (culture positive) | n.a | 6 (32%) | n.a | 1 (11%) | 5 (50%) | 0.32 |
| D-Dimer [µg/l] | 2961 (1498; 6548) | 6492(3128;9618) | 0.37 | 2961(1728;7689) | 2493(1428;6410) | 0.80 |
| Fibrinogen[mg/dl] | 777 (654; 859) | 646 (594; 811) | 0.03 | 775 (722; 835) | 785 (530; 868) | 0.39 |
| sIL-2R [IU/ml] ** | n.a | 1404(1097;2843) | n.a | 1271(954;2133) | 2129(1161;4359) | 0.10 |
| Ferritin [ng/ml] ** | n.a | 1815(863; 3674) | n.a | 919 (810; 1752) | 3572(1819;5343) | 0.03 |
| Noradrenalin dose [µg/h] | 600 (0; 2000) | 0 (0; 400) | 0.05 | 600 (200; 1100) | 1150 (0; 2000) | 0.77 |
| Leucocytes [109/L] | 10.0 (6.1; 12.3) | 9.4 (6.8; 12.3) | 0.90 | 8.4 (5.4; 11.3) | 10.6 (5.9; 14.0) | 0.42 |
| Neutrophils (%) | 84 (78; 90) | 76 (72; 88) | 0.01 | 85 (82; 90) | 84 (77; 92) | 0.36 |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 9 (4; 15) | 11 (6; 14) | 0.98 | 8 (4.5; 12) | 13 (4; 17) | 0.37 |
| NLR | 10 (10; 21) | 6 (5; 13) | 0.027 | 11 (7; 20) | 7 (5; 26) | 0.89 |
| Monocytes (%) | 3 (1; 5) | 6 (2; 10) | 0.03 | 3 (1; 5.5) | 3 (1; 6) | 0.54 |
| Body temperature [°C] | 38.2 (37.6; 39) | 37.8 (37.3; 38.2) | 0.20 | 38.5 (37.7; 38.7) | 38.1 (37.4; 39.5) | 0.70 |
Column 2–4: We report relevant clinical immunologic parameters at time of ICU-admission (ADM) and after *1 week (5–8), while patients that required intubation were still on mechanical ventilation. Paired t-tests, or paired Wilcoxon-rank-test, were used to test for intra-individual differences, as applicable (full cohort). Columns 5 and 6: Group differences (favourable versus unfavourable clinical courses) were assessed using ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis-test. **Serum ferritin and sIL-2R receptor were assayed after a median of 2 days (missing data n = 1) post admission (ADM) and 4 days later – we report peak values. We report median and interquartile range (IQR) or frequencies as counts and percent of total. ANOVA was used for group comparisons: favourable versus unfavourable clinical course. Abbreviations: Interleukin (IL), C-reactive-protein (CRP), neutrophil/lymphocyte-ratio (NLR), soluble Interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R).