MTS:	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphentl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt).
LDN	4-[6-[4-(1-piperazinyl)phenyl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]-quinolinehydrochloride.
RNA	ribonucleic acid
mRNA	messenger ribonucleic acid
PBS	phosphate buffer saline
NaOH	sodium hydroxide
MgCl2	magnesium chloride.
HCl	hydrochloric acid
CO2	carbon dioxide
Ca	calcium
P	phosphorus
Si	silicon
Smad	homologs of Caenorhabditis elegans (Sma) and Drosophila (Mad) proteins